An occupational health nurse is interpreting the results of a tuberculin skin test for a group of clients who received the test 48 hr ago. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as having a positive test result?

A client whose injection site is scabbed

A client whose injection site is firm and measures 3 mm (0.1 in)

A client whose injection site has an elevated area measuring 15 mm (0.6 in)

A client whose injection site is ecchymotic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A Reason:

A client whose injection site is scabbed is incorrect. Scabbing at the injection site does not provide information about the presence or absence of induration. It doesn't contribute to interpreting the test result directly.

Choice B Reason:

A client whose injection site is firm and measures 3 mm (0.1 in) is incorrect. A measurement of 3 mm of induration is generally considered a negative result for most individuals, including those without any risk factors for tuberculosis (TB).

Choice C Reason:

A client whose injection site has an elevated area measuring 15 mm (0.6 is correct. An area of induration measuring 15 mm or more is considered positive in individuals with no known risk factors for TB.

Choice D Reason:

A client whose injection site is ecchymotic is incorrect. Ecchymosis (bruising) at the injection site is not relevant to the interpretation of the tuberculin skin test. It does not contribute to determining a positive or negative result.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

The client has a delayed response to verbal commands. This finding can indicate increased intracranial pressure. Changes in responsiveness, such as delayed responses to verbal commands or other stimuli, can be indicative of neurological impairment due to elevated pressure within the skull.

Choice B Reason:

The client has ecchymosis around the eyes. Ecchymosis around the eyes (raccoon eyes) can occur with certain head injuries, but it's not a direct sign of increased intracranial pressure. It's more commonly associated with basilar skull fractures rather than specifically reflecting increased pressure within the skull.

Choice C Reason:

The client is unable to remember details of the motor-vehicle crash. Memory impairment or amnesia regarding the event can occur due to head trauma, but it might not directly correlate with an increase in intracranial pressure. It's more related to the effects of the injury on memory function.

Choice D Reason:

The client reports ringing in the ears. Tinnitus or ringing in the ears might occur in some cases of head trauma but is not a direct indicator of increased intracranial pressure. It might result from the impact of the injury or other associated factors.

A. Locate the injection site 5 cm (2 in) to the right or left of the umbilicus. B. Check the medication administration record to verify the client's allergies. C. Slowly inject the medication into the site without aspirating. D. Pinch clean skin at the injection site and dart the needle into the skinfold at a 90° angle. E. Ensure an air bubble is present in the prefilled enoxaparin syringe.

Correct Answer is B, E, A, D, C

Explanation

B. Check the medication administration record to verify the client's allergies. Before preparing or administering any medication, the nurse must verify the client’s medication order and allergies to ensure safety. E. Ensure an air bubble is present in the prefilled enoxaparin syringe. The prefilled syringe contains an air bubble that should remain to ensure the entire dose is administered and to prevent medication from tracking back through the tissue. A. Locate the injection site 5 cm (2 in) to the right or left of the umbilicus. Enoxaparin should be administered in the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen, avoiding areas near the umbilicus to reduce the risk of irritation and bruising. D. Pinch clean skin at the injection site and dart the needle into the skinfold at a 90° angle. Pinching the skin ensures the medication is delivered into the subcutaneous tissue, and injecting at a 90° angle minimizes pain and ensures proper technique. C. Slowly inject the medication into the site without aspirating. Aspiration is not necessary for subcutaneous injections. Slowly injecting reduces discomfort and ensures proper absorption.

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An occupational health nurse is interpreting the results of a tuberculin skin test for a group of clients who received the test 48 hr ago. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as having a positive test result?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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