An infant born 2 days ago has not passed a meconium stool and begins to vomit bilious secretions. Which action should the nurse take first?

Gather supplies for an Intravenous (IV) infusion.

Measure abdominal circumference.

Prepare for anorectal manometry.

Monitor strict urinary output

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Gathering supplies for an Intravenous (IV) infusion may be necessary if the infant becomes dehydrated or requires fluid resuscitation, but it is not the first action to take when there are concerns about a potential intestinal obstruction.

B. Measure abdominal circumference.

The infant's failure to pass meconium stool and the vomiting of bilious secretions are concerning signs that could indicate an obstruction in the gastrointestinal tract. Measuring the abdominal circumference is an essential initial assessment to determine if there is abdominal distension or enlargement, which can be a sign of an obstruction. Abdominal distention can help the healthcare provider assess the severity of the issue and make informed decisions regarding further diagnostic tests and interventions.

C. Preparing for anorectal manometry is not the first step in this situation. Anorectal manometry is a diagnostic test that may be considered later, depending on the findings and the healthcare provider's assessment.

D. Monitoring strict urinary output is not the primary concern in this case; the focus should be on assessing the infant's gastrointestinal status and potential bowel obstruction.

The nurse should promptly measure the infant's abdominal circumference to assess for signs of abdominal distension or obstruction and then communicate these findings to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and intervention.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Projectile vomiting in a 5-week-old infant can be indicative of a condition known as pyloric stenosis. Pyloric stenosis is a narrowing of the pylorus, the opening from the stomach to the small intestine. It results in delayed gastric emptying, leading to the forceful, projectile vomiting observed after feedings.

A. An olive-size mass in the epigastric area is a characteristic finding in infants with pyloric stenosis. The hypertrophied pyloric muscle feels like an olive and is often palpable in the upper abdomen.

B. Stool that consists of mucus and blood is not a typical finding associated with pyloric stenosis. This symptom is more suggestive of gastrointestinal issues like infectious colitis or other conditions unrelated to pyloric stenosis.

C. Rebound tenderness in the left lower abdominal quadrant is not a common finding in infants with pyloric stenosis. Rebound tenderness is typically associated with conditions like appendicitis in a different part of the abdomen.

D. Frequent burping accompanied by poor feeding can be a sign of discomfort but is not a specific indicator of pyloric stenosis. Projectile vomiting is a more distinctive symptom associated with this condition.

Correct Answer is ["12"]

Explanation

To calculate the amount of amoxicillin in mL to administer to a toddler weighing 15 kg, you can use the following calculation:

Dose (in mg) = Weight (in kg) x Dose (in mg/kg)

Dose (in mg) = 15 kg x 20 mg/kg = 300 mg

Now, you want to convert the dose to mL using the provided concentration:

Concentration = 125 mg/5 mL

Now, calculate the mL needed:

Volume (in mL) = Dose (in mg) / Concentration (in mg/mL)

Volume (in mL) = 300 mg / 125 mg/5 mL = 12 mL

So, the nurse should administer 12 mL of amoxicillin.

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An infant born 2 days ago has not passed a meconium stool and begins to vomit bilious secretions. Which action should the nurse take first?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a 5-week-old infant presenting with a history of projectile vomiting after feedings. Which additional finding should the nurse expect to assess?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["12"]

Explanation

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