An 18-hour-old infant with hyperbilirubinemia is placed under phototherapy bank lights. Which of the following is an appropriate intervention for this infant?

Keep eye shields on at all times, including when feeding

Routinely monitor temperature while infant is in the crib

Tightly swaddle the infant in blanket

Expose as much of the infant's skin to the lights as possible

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Keep eye shields on at all times, including when feeding. Incorrect because while eye protection is crucial under the lights, they can be removed during feedings to allow for parent-infant bonding and eye contact.
B. Routinely monitor temperature while the infant is in the crib. Incorrect, because temperature should be closely monitored while the infant is under phototherapy due to potential changes in body temperature caused by the exposure.
C. Tightly swaddle the infant in a blanket. Incorrect, as this would reduce the amount of skin exposed to the phototherapy lights and decrease the treatment's effectiveness.
D. Expose as much of the infant's skin to the lights as possible. Phototherapy is most effective when as much skin as possible is exposed to the lights because it allows for maximum light absorption and more effective bilirubin breakdown.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The elevated AFP means my baby may have Down Syndrome. AFP is not typically elevated in Down Syndrome; other tests like nuchal translucency or cell-free DNA are used for that.
B. The elevated AFP means my baby may have spina bifida. AFP screening is used to detect neural tube defects like spina bifida. An elevated AFP level suggests a higher risk for such conditions.
C. The elevated AFP means my baby has Down syndrome. This is incorrect; AFP is not a marker for Down Syndrome.
D. The elevated AFP means my baby has spina bifida. This is correct, but option B is a more precise statement of understanding.

Correct Answer is []

Explanation

Complication: Otitis Media

Anatomical Changes:

Small external ear structure: Infants born with a cleft palate often have smaller external ear structures, which can affect the drainage of fluids and increase the risk of infections.
Horizontal eustachian tubes: Eustachian tubes in individuals with cleft palate are typically more horizontal than normal, impairing the drainage of fluid from the middle ear.
Large tongue: A large tongue may obstruct the upper airway and interfere with normal swallowing and speaking functions.

Complication: Otitis Media

Due to the anatomical changes associated with cleft palate, such as horizontal eustachian tubes and impaired drainage, individuals are prone to recurrent middle ear infections (otitis media). These infections can lead to fluid accumulation behind the eardrum, which can further impair hearing and potentially lead to more serious complications if untreated.

Priority Interventions:

Ear drops (for otitis media): Ear drops containing antibiotics may be prescribed to treat bacterial infections in the middle ear, which are common in individuals with cleft palate.
- Rationale: Ear drops help to directly treat the infection in the ear canal and middle ear, reducing inflammation and preventing complications such as hearing loss or spread of infection.
Corticosteroids (for inflammation): Corticosteroids may be used to reduce inflammation in the ear canal and middle ear, particularly in cases of severe otitis media.
- Rationale: Corticosteroids help to decrease swelling and inflammation, which can improve symptoms and aid in the healing process of the ear.

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An 18-hour-old infant with hyperbilirubinemia is placed under phototherapy bank lights. Which of the following is an appropriate intervention for this infant?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which statement made by a pregnant patient indicates teaching was effective related to an elevated alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Identify a complication resulting from a cleft palate, the anatomical changes that lead to the complication, and the priority interventions for care.

Correct Answer is []

Explanation

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