A school nurse is planning a health fair for the caregivers of children entering kindergarten. Which of the following primary prevention topics should the nurse include?

Rationale:

A. Clarify the source of the referral: Before taking any action, the nurse must first clarify the referral source to understand why the visit is needed, the client’s health status, and any specific concerns or priorities. This ensures the nurse has accurate and complete information to plan the visit safely and effectively.

B. Contact the family by phone: While contacting the family is necessary to arrange the visit, it should occur only after the nurse understands the purpose of the referral and any special considerations to communicate relevant information.

C. Implement the nursing process: Implementing the nursing process requires assessment and planning. The nurse cannot proceed to intervention without first obtaining information about the referral and preparing appropriately.

D. Schedule a time for the home visit: Scheduling is important for logistics, but it should occur after clarifying the referral and understanding the family’s needs to ensure the visit is purposeful and safe.

Rationale:

A. Place an ice pack directly on the skin of the affected joints: Ice should never be applied directly to the skin as it can cause frostbite or skin damage. It should be wrapped in a cloth or towel before use. While cold therapy can reduce inflammation and numb pain, safety precautions are essential.

B. Limit dietary intake of phosphorus: Phosphorus restriction is not relevant for osteoarthritis management. Dietary modifications for osteoarthritis focus more on maintaining a healthy weight and anti-inflammatory nutrients rather than phosphorus intake.

C. Place a large pillow under the knees when sleeping: Placing a large pillow under the knees can hyperflex the joints and increase strain on the knees and hips. Proper positioning involves keeping joints in a neutral or slightly extended position to reduce discomfort and prevent contractures.

D. Take a hot shower every day: Heat therapy helps relax muscles, relieve stiffness, and improve joint mobility in clients with osteoarthritis. Warm showers or moist heat applications are effective nonpharmacological interventions for managing pain and promoting comfort.