A school nurse is planning a health fair for the caregivers of children entering kindergarten. Which of the following primary prevention topics should the nurse include?

Required immunizations

Nutrition for children who have diabetes

Emergency disaster planning

Screening for a pediculosis breakout

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale:

A. Required immunizations: Immunizations are a key aspect of primary prevention, as they protect children from preventable diseases before exposure occurs. Including information about required vaccines at the kindergarten level helps caregivers ensure children are protected and supports community health.

B. Nutrition for children who have diabetes: Nutrition management for children with diabetes is considered secondary or tertiary prevention, as it involves managing an existing condition rather than preventing disease onset. It is not the focus for primary prevention at a general health fair.

C. Emergency disaster planning: While disaster planning is important for safety, it is not classified as primary prevention of disease. It addresses preparedness rather than preventing the initial occurrence of a health condition.

D. Screening for a pediculosis breakout: Screening is a secondary prevention activity because it involves early detection of an existing condition (lice infestation). It does not prevent the initial occurrence of disease, so it is not a primary prevention topic.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Shoulders: The shoulders are usually covered with clothing and have more pigmentation and subcutaneous tissue, making color changes less apparent. Cyanosis may be difficult to detect in these areas, especially in clients with dark skin.

B. Palms of the hands: The palms, along with the soles of the feet, nail beds, and mucous membranes, have less melanin and are more reliable sites to observe for cyanosis in clients with dark skin. These areas can show a bluish or grayish discoloration more accurately when oxygenation is low.

C. Area of trauma: Trauma sites may exhibit bruising, erythema, or inflammation, which can mask the presence of cyanosis. Assessing these areas may lead to inaccurate conclusions regarding oxygenation status.

D. Sacrum: While the sacrum may be assessed for pressure injuries, it is not a reliable site for detecting cyanosis because of pigmentation, limited blood flow, and potential masking by subcutaneous tissue. The nurse should focus on areas with minimal pigmentation for accurate assessment.

A. Contact B. Droplet C. Airborne D. Standard

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Contact: Contact precautions are used for infections transmitted by direct or indirect contact with the client or their environment, such as MRSA or C. difficile. Erythema migrans, associated with Lyme disease, is not spread through contact.

B. Droplet: Droplet precautions are for infections transmitted through large respiratory droplets, such as influenza or pertussis. Lyme disease does not spread via respiratory secretions, so droplet precautions are unnecessary.

C. Airborne: Airborne precautions apply to infections transmitted via small particles that remain suspended in the air, such as tuberculosis or measles. Lyme disease is not airborne, so this precaution is not required.

D. Standard: Standard precautions are appropriate for Lyme disease, including erythema migrans. These precautions involve routine hand hygiene, use of gloves when in contact with body fluids, and proper handling of contaminated materials, which are sufficient since the disease is transmitted via tick bites, not person-to-person.

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A school nurse is planning a health fair for the caregivers of children entering kindergarten. Which of the following primary prevention topics should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is performing a skin assessment on a client who has dark skin. Which of the following locations on the client's body should the nurse observe to assess for cyanosis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse in a community clinic is caring for a client who has erythema migrans. The nurse should implement which of the following precautions?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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