A pregnant woman asks the nurse, "Will I be able to have a vaginal delivery?" The nurse knows that which type of female pelvis is optimal for passage of the fetal head?

Gynecoid

Platypelloid

Android

Anthropoid

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The gynecoid pelvis is considered the most favorable for vaginal delivery due to its rounded shape, wide pelvic inlet, and spacious dimensions, which facilitate the passage of the fetal head.

B. The platypelloid pelvis is flat and wide, often posing challenges for vaginal delivery due to its narrow anteroposterior diameter.

C. The android pelvis has a heart-shaped inlet, making it less favorable for vaginal delivery as it can cause difficulty in fetal descent.

D. The anthropoid pelvis has an oval shape and is more favorable for vaginal delivery than android or platypelloid pelves, but it is still less optimal compared to the gynecoid pelvis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The umbilical cord typically contains two arteries that carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta and one vein that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus. This arrangement supports effective nutrient and gas exchange during fetal development.

B. Two veins are not found in the umbilical cord; only one vein is present.

C. While one artery and one vein might be seen in abnormal conditions like single umbilical artery (SUA), this is not typical.

D. Two veins and one artery is incorrect as the typical structure includes two arteries and one vein.

A. "Yes, it will, but if you decrease your fluid intake, especially at bedtime, it won't be so bothersome." B. "There is no way to predict how long it will last for each individual client so you just have to wait and see." C. "No, it should only last until about your 12th week, but it will return near the end of the pregnancy." D. "No, in most cases it only lasts until about the 12th week, but it will continue if you have poor bladder tone."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Decreasing fluid intake, especially during pregnancy, is not advisable as it can lead to dehydration and other complications.

B. While urinary frequency varies between individuals, it follows predictable patterns during pregnancy, influenced by hormonal and anatomical changes.

C. Increased urinary frequency is common in the first trimester due to hormonal changes and uterine growth but typically decreases by the second trimester. It often returns in the third trimester when the enlarging uterus exerts pressure on the bladder.

D. Poor bladder tone is not a standard explanation for continued urinary frequency during pregnancy; hormonal and anatomical factors are the primary causes.

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A pregnant woman asks the nurse, "Will I be able to have a vaginal delivery?" The nurse knows that which type of female pelvis is optimal for passage of the fetal head?

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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