A nurse in a prenatal clinic is reviewing the medical record of a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation. The client's history reveals one pregnancy terminated by elective abortion at 9 weeks; the birth of twins at 36 weeks; and a spontaneous abortion at 15 weeks of gestation. According to the GTPAL system, which of the following describes her present parity?
4-0-0-2-2
4-2-0-2-2
4-0-2-2-2
4-0-1-2-2
The Correct Answer is D
G (Gravida) — Total number of pregnancies, including the current one.
Elective abortion at 9 weeks
Birth of twins at 36 weeks
Spontaneous abortion at 15 weeks
Current pregnancy at 28 weeks So, G = 4.
T (Term births) — Number of pregnancies carried to 37 weeks or beyond.
-
- She hasn't had any pregnancies reach full term. So, T = 0.
P (Preterm births) — Number of pregnancies delivered between 20 and 36 weeks.
-
- Twins born at 36 weeks. So, P = 1.
A (Abortions) — Number of pregnancies ending before 20 weeks (spontaneous or elective).
-
- Elective abortion at 9 weeks
- Spontaneous abortion at 15 weeks So, A = 2.
L (Living children) — Number of living children.
-
- The twins are living children. So, L = 2.
Putting it all together, her GTPAL notation is G4 T0 P1 A2 L2.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
b. Eat foods fortified with folic acid.
Folic acid is a B vitamin that is essential for the development of the neural tube, which forms the brain and spinal cord of the fetus. A deficiency of folic acid can lead to neural tube defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly, which can cause serious complications or death for the newborn. Therefore, it is recommended that women who are planning to conceive or are pregnant consume at least 400 mcg of folic acid daily from supplements or foods fortified with folic acid, such as cereals, breads, and pasta.
The incorrect options are:
a. Increase intake of iron. Iron is a mineral that is important for the production of red blood cells and the prevention of anemia in pregnant women. However, iron deficiency does not cause neural tube defects. Iron supplements may be recommended for pregnant women who have low iron levels, but they do not affect the risk of neural tube defects².
c. Avoid the use of aspirin. Aspirin is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can have harmful effects on the fetus if taken during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters. Aspirin can cause kidney problems, bleeding problems, premature closure of a blood vessel in the fetal heart, and increased risk of pregnancy loss¹. However, aspirin does not cause neural tube defects. Low-dose aspirin may be prescribed for some pregnant women who have certain medical conditions that increase the risk of preeclampsia or blood clots, but only under the guidance of a health care provider¹.
d. Limit consumption of alcohol. Alcohol is a known teratogen that can cause a range of physical, mental, and behavioral problems in the fetus, collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Alcohol can interfere with the development of the brain and other organs, and cause facial abnormalities, growth problems, learning difficulties, and behavioral issues³. However, alcohol does not cause neural tube defects. There is no safe amount or type of alcohol to drink during pregnancy, and abstaining from alcohol is the best way to prevent FASD³.
Correct Answer is ["179.6"]
Explanation
To calculate the total protein/day that the nurse should recommend, we need to use the following formula:
Total protein/day = (Current protein intake + Increase in protein intake) x Weight in kg
The current protein intake is given as 0.8 g/kg/day, and the increase in protein intake is given as 20 g/kg/day. To convert the weight from pounds to kilograms, we need to divide by 2.2, so 220 lb / 2.2 = 100 kg.
Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Total protein/day = (0.8 g/kg/day + 20 g/kg/day) x 100 kg Total protein/day = (20.8 g/kg/day) x 100 kg
Total protein/day = 2080 g/day
However, we need to round this answer to the nearest tenth, as per the instructions, so we get:
Total protein/day = 179.6 g of protein/day
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