A nurse is discussing cardiovascular changes during pregnancy with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Blood pressure values 10% above pre-pregnancy values
Heart rate increases by 10 to 15 above pre-pregnancy values
Increased blood viscosity
Decreased cardiac workload
The Correct Answer is B
A. Blood pressure typically decreases slightly during the second trimester due to hormonal effects causing vasodilation, and it generally does not rise above pre-pregnancy levels in healthy pregnancies.
B. The heart rate increases by about 10 to 15 beats per minute to meet the increased oxygen demands of the growing fetus and placenta.
C. Blood viscosity does not increase during pregnancy; rather, the plasma volume expands significantly, leading to hemodilution and a decrease in blood viscosity.
D. Cardiac workload increases during pregnancy due to the expanded blood volume and increased cardiac output required to support maternal and fetal needs.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. MSAFP does not screen for gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes is typically screened for between 24–28 weeks of gestation using glucose testing.
B. MSAFP does not assess fetal maturity; tests for maturity, such as lecithin-sphingomyelin ratio, are usually performed in the third trimester if preterm delivery is anticipated.
C. MSAFP does not evaluate ABO incompatibility, which is identified through maternal and fetal blood type testing.
D. MSAFP is a blood test that helps screen for neural tube defects like spina bifida or anencephaly and can also detect certain chromosomal abnormalities when used with additional tests in a quad screen.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Blood pressure typically decreases slightly during the second trimester due to hormonal effects causing vasodilation, and it generally does not rise above pre-pregnancy levels in healthy pregnancies.
B. The heart rate increases by about 10 to 15 beats per minute to meet the increased oxygen demands of the growing fetus and placenta.
C. Blood viscosity does not increase during pregnancy; rather, the plasma volume expands significantly, leading to hemodilution and a decrease in blood viscosity.
D. Cardiac workload increases during pregnancy due to the expanded blood volume and increased cardiac output required to support maternal and fetal needs.
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