A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on daily prednisone therapy has been eating very little and has lost weight. Which interventions are appropriate for the nurse to include in the care plan? Select all that apply.

Offer high-calorie protein snacks between meals and at bedtime.

Encourage increased intake of whole grains and vegetables.

Encourage rest before meals.

Provide a large glass of juice with each meal.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C

Choice A reason: Offering high-calorie protein snacks between meals and at bedtime is appropriate for a patient with COPD who is losing weight and eating very little. These snacks can help meet their nutritional needs and provide the extra calories and protein necessary to prevent muscle wasting and support overall health.

Choice B reason: While increasing the intake of whole grains and vegetables is generally healthy, it may not be the priority for a patient who has lost significant weight and needs to focus on higher-calorie, nutrient-dense foods. The primary goal is to address the calorie and protein deficit first.

Choice C reason: Encouraging rest before meals is beneficial as it helps conserve energy for eating. Patients with COPD often experience fatigue, which can reduce their appetite and ability to eat. Resting before meals can help them feel more energetic and better able to consume their meals.

Choice D reason: Providing a large glass of juice with each meal is not ideal for increasing calorie and protein intake. While juice can provide some calories and nutrients, it is not a good source of protein. Additionally, large volumes of liquid can create a feeling of fullness, reducing the patient's appetite for nutrient-dense foods.

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Correct Answer is ["A","D","F"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: An oxygen mask is essential for providing supplemental oxygen to the patient, especially if they experience respiratory distress or decreased oxygen saturation following a seizure. Ensuring adequate oxygenation is a priority in post-seizure care.

Choice B reason: A nasogastric tube may be used in specific situations for feeding or medication administration, but it is not routinely necessary for all patients treated for status epilepticus.

Choice C reason: A urinary catheter is used for managing urinary output, particularly in patients with retention or incontinence issues, but it is not immediately required for all patients post-status epilepticus.

Choice D reason: Suction set-up is necessary for maintaining the patient's airway and preventing aspiration, particularly if the patient has excessive secretions or vomits after a seizure. Suction equipment allows the nurse to quickly clear the airway and ensure the patient can breathe effectively.

Choice E reason: Tongue blades are not recommended for seizure management as they can cause injury. Historically, there was a misconception about using tongue blades to prevent tongue biting during seizures, but this practice is now discouraged due to the risk of oral injury.

Choice F reason: Side rail pads are important for protecting the patient from injury during potential future seizures. Padded side rails help prevent trauma from hitting the bed rails during convulsions and provide a safer environment for the patient.

A. Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting B. Truncal obesity, thin extremities, rounding of face (moon face) C. Purplish streaks on the abdomen D. Hyperglycemia E. Bronzed appearance of the skin

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting are not typical findings associated with Cushing syndrome. These symptoms can be related to other medical conditions but do not specifically indicate Cushing syndrome.

Choice B reason: Truncal obesity, thin extremities, and rounding of the face (moon face) are classic signs of Cushing syndrome. This condition leads to fat redistribution, resulting in increased fat around the trunk and face while the extremities appear thinner. The distinctive appearance of moon face is due to fat accumulation.

Choice C reason: Purplish streaks on the abdomen, also known as striae, are a common feature of Cushing syndrome. These stretch marks occur due to the excessive production of cortisol, which weakens the connective tissue, leading to skin changes.

Choice D reason: Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, is frequently seen in patients with Cushing syndrome. The excess cortisol increases glucose production and decreases insulin sensitivity, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.

Choice E reason: A bronzed appearance of the skin is not a typical finding of Cushing syndrome. This symptom is more commonly associated with Addison's disease, which involves adrenal insufficiency rather than excess cortisol production seen in Cushing syndrome.

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A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on daily prednisone therapy has been eating very little and has lost weight. Which interventions are appropriate for the nurse to include in the care plan? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient who has been treated for status epilepticus in the emergency department will be transferred to the medical nursing unit. Which equipment should the nurse have available in the patient's assigned room? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","D","F"]

Explanation

A patient is being admitted with a diagnosis of Cushing syndrome. Which three findings will the nurse expect during the assessment?

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

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