A patient with bipolar II disorder is most likely to experience:

Persistent low-grade depression without hypomania

Psychosis during manic episodes

Hypomanic episodes alternating with major depressive episodes

Severe manic episodes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Persistent low-grade depression without hypomania is not typical of bipolar II disorder, as hypomanic episodes are a key feature of the disorder.

B. Psychosis is more common during full manic episodes, typically seen in bipolar I disorder, not bipolar II.

C. Bipolar II disorder is characterized by hypomanic episodes that alternate with major depressive episodes. Hypomania is a less severe form of mania, and individuals with bipolar II do not experience full manic episodes as in bipolar I.

D. Severe manic episodes are characteristic of bipolar I disorder, not bipolar II, which involves hypomanic episodes instead.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which is triggered during times of anxiety, stress, or fear. It increases heart rate, blood pressure, and prepares the body to respond to perceived threats, which aligns with the client's severe anxiety going to work.

B. The limbic system plays a role in emotion and memory but is not directly responsible for the physiological changes associated with anxiety.

C. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for "rest and digest" functions, counteracting the sympathetic nervous system’s responses during relaxation, not during anxiety.

D. The vagus nerve is part of the parasympathetic system and is not primarily responsible for the acute anxiety response.

A. Refer the client to a support group for individuals with PTSD B. Encourage the client to practice mindfulness meditation C. Provide a structured environment with predictable routines, and consistent staff D. Administer a PRN sedative medication as needed

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While support groups may be helpful, the immediate intervention for a client experiencing heightened anxiety and hypervigilance is to provide structure and safety.

B. Mindfulness meditation may be beneficial in the long term, but it is not the first intervention in an acute phase where anxiety and hypervigilance are prominent.

C. A structured environment with predictable routines and consistent staff can help clients with PTSD feel more secure and reduce feelings of anxiety, hypervigilance, and paranoia. Predictability and structure are key interventions for clients with PTSD.

D. Administering a PRN sedative medication should be a secondary intervention after providing a supportive and safe environment. Medications may be used as part of treatment, but they do not address the underlying anxiety and hypervigilance as effectively as a structured environment.

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A patient with bipolar II disorder is most likely to experience:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who experiences severe anxiety when going to work. The nurse should identify that which of the following areas of the autonomic nervous system is stimulated when the client goes to work?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with PTSD experiences exaggerated startle response. The client is paranoid and hypervigilant. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse in an acute care mental health facility is preparing to administer morning medication for a client who has been taking lithium for 2 weeks and has a current lithium level of 1.0 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is preparing to administer lithium 300 mg PO every 8 hr. Available is lithium carbonate 150 mg capsules. How many capsules should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

The nurse is preparing to transfer a client from the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). Which assessment findings would delay the transfer of the client? (Select All that Apply.)

A patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder is prescribed lamotrigine. The nurse should instruct the patient to immediately report which adverse effect?

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A nurse in a hospital is caring for a client who has agoraphobia. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the goals of treatment?

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for lithium to treat bipolar disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to ensure an adequate intake of which of the following dietary elements?

A symptom commonly associated with panic attacks?