A patient with acute kidney injury has been instructed to limit potassium intake. The nurse recognizes while reinforcing teaching that the teaching has been effective if the patient chooses which of the following snacks? Select all that apply

cranberry juice

chocolate bar

jello (a gelatin dessert)

an orange

grapefruit juice

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C

A.   Cranberry juice is typically low in potassium and would be suitable for a patient instructed to limit potassium intake.
B.   Chocolate is generally high in potassium and would not be a suitable snack for a patient limiting potassium intake.
C.   Jello is typically low in potassium and can be a suitable snack for a patient limiting potassium intake.
D.   Oranges are high in potassium and would not be suitable for a patient instructed to limit potassium intake.
E.   Grapefruit juice is high in potassium and would not be suitable for a patient limiting potassium intake.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Atrial flutter is characterized by a regular rhythm with rapid atrial contractions (flutter waves) that have a sawtooth appearance on the ECG tracing.
B. Ventricular tachycardia typically presents with a wide QRS complex and is often associated with hemodynamic instability.
C. Atrial fibrillation is characterized by irregularly irregular rhythm with no distinct P waves and irregular ventricular response.
D. Sinus tachycardia is characterized by a regular rhythm with a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute originating from the sinus node.

A. 80-year-old male patient with a history of atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response whose cardiac monitor shows a heart rate of 92 B. 66-year-old female patient with a newly inserted permanent pacemaker whose cardiac monitor shows a heart rate of 50 C. 72-year-old male patient with an implantable cardiac defibrillator that delivered a shock 4 hours ago whose cardiac monitor shows normal sinus rhythm and a heart rate of 68 D. 78-year-old male patient with chronic atrial fibrillation who is prescribed metoprolol (Toprol) whose cardiac monitor shows a heart rate of 58.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response requires attention, it is not an immediate concern unless associated with symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or hemodynamic instability.
B. A heart rate of 50 in a patient with a newly inserted permanent pacemaker may indicate bradycardia, which could be a sign of pacemaker malfunction or lead dislodgement. This patient requires immediate assessment to rule out complications.
C. While recent implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) discharge warrants evaluation, the patient is currently in normal sinus rhythm with a heart rate of 68, suggesting stability. This patient's assessment can be prioritized after the patient with the pacemaker issue is seen.
D. A heart rate of 58 in a patient with chronic atrial fibrillation on beta-blocker therapy may not be immediately concerning if the patient is asymptomatic and hemodynamically stable. This patient can be assessed after addressing the more urgent pacemaker issue.

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A patient with acute kidney injury has been instructed to limit potassium intake. The nurse recognizes while reinforcing teaching that the teaching has been effective if the patient chooses which of the following snacks? Select all that apply

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is reading a cardiac monitor of a patient and observes a regular rhythm, and the P waves have a sawtooth pattern. The nurse recognizes this as which arrhythmia?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

You are caring for this team of patients. Which patient is the priority to see first to collect data?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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