A nurse is caring for a client who is in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Provide a diet high in protein.

Provide ibuprofen for retroperitoneal discomfort.

Monitor intake and output hourly

Encourage the client to consume at least 2 L of fluid daily

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Provide a diet high in protein.

During the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI), there is a risk of electrolyte imbalances, including elevated levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. Restricting protein intake is often recommended during this phase to manage azotemia and prevent the accumulation of waste products that the kidneys may struggle to excrete.

B. Provide ibuprofen for retroperitoneal discomfort.

Ibuprofen and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are contraindicated in AKI. They can further compromise renal function and may contribute to acute tubular necrosis. NSAIDs can also affect renal blood flow, leading to worsening kidney function.

C. Monitor intake and output hourly.

Monitoring intake and output (I&O) is a critical nursing intervention during the oliguric phase of AKI. Hourly monitoring helps assess renal function, fluid balance, and the effectiveness of interventions. It allows for early detection of changes that may require prompt intervention.

D. Encourage the client to consume at least 2 L of fluid daily.

In the oliguric phase of AKI, fluid intake is often restricted to prevent fluid overload. Encouraging excessive fluid intake may contribute to fluid retention and worsen the oliguria. Fluid management is carefully regulated based on the individual client's needs and renal function.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. “Increase your caloric intake by eating foods high in protein.”

This is the appropriate choice. Increasing caloric intake with high-protein foods can help meet nutritional needs for individuals with Crohn's Disease, especially if malabsorption is a concern.

B. “Include fresh fruits and vegetables at each meal.”

While fresh fruits and vegetables are generally healthy, they may exacerbate symptoms in some individuals with Crohn's Disease, especially during flare-ups. It may be advisable to choose cooked or processed fruits and vegetables to minimize irritation.

C. “Maintain your weight by eating high-fat foods.”

This statement is not advisable. High-fat foods can contribute to symptoms such as cramping and diarrhea in individuals with Crohn's Disease. A well-balanced diet with an appropriate mix of nutrients is generally recommended.

D. “Drink whole milk to ensure adequate calcium intake.”

This statement is not advisable without considering individual tolerance. Whole milk is high in fat and may be difficult to digest for some individuals with Crohn's Disease. Additionally, if lactose intolerance is present, it may worsen symptoms. Alternative sources of calcium may need to be considered.

A. Xerostomia B. Halitosis C. Bruxism. D. Sordes

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Xerostomia

Xerostomia is dry mouth, a condition where the salivary glands do not produce enough saliva. It can have various causes, including medications, medical conditions, or dehydration. Xerostomia is not directly related to teeth grinding.

B. Halitosis

Halitosis is bad breath. While dental issues, including bruxism (teeth grinding), can contribute to bad breath, halitosis itself does not specifically describe teeth grinding.

C. Bruxism

Bruxism is the medical term for teeth grinding or clenching, especially during sleep. If a client suspects or reports grinding their teeth at night, it is appropriate to document and discuss the issue as bruxism. Bruxism can lead to dental problems, jaw pain, and headaches.

D. Sordes

Sordes refers to a collection of foul matter, such as debris or crusted material, around the mouth. It is not related to teeth grinding.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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