A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, frequent bloody diarrhea, and signs of dehydration. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering during this exacerbation of ulcerative colitis?
Prednisone
Metronidazole
Omeprazole
Loperamide
The Correct Answer is A
A. Prednisone: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is often used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response during exacerbations of ulcerative colitis. It helps manage the symptoms and prevent further complications.
B. Metronidazole: While used in some gastrointestinal conditions, it is more commonly prescribed for infections related to Crohn’s disease or infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, not for ulcerative colitis exacerbations.
C. Omeprazole: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce stomach acid and is typically indicated for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or peptic ulcers, not ulcerative colitis.
D. Loperamide: This antidiarrheal medication should be used with caution in ulcerative colitis, as it can increase the risk of toxic megacolon.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. I should eat only plant-based proteins to manage my symptoms: While plant-based proteins may be a part of the diet, limiting protein intake solely to plant-based sources is not necessary, and animal proteins like chicken and fish are recommended for tissue repair.
B. I should avoid all sources of protein to prevent flare-ups: Protein is necessary for healing and should not be completely avoided.
C. I should follow a low-protein diet to reduce intestinal inflammation: There is no evidence that a low-protein diet helps reduce inflammation in Crohn's disease. High-protein intake is beneficial.
D. I should include high-protein foods like chicken and fish in my diet. During active inflammation in Crohn's disease, a high-protein diet is important for healing and maintaining muscle mass, especially since malabsorption can be a concern.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Encourage the patient to use an alcohol-based mouthwash to clean the oral cavity:
Alcohol-based mouthwashes can irritate the oral mucosa and worsen the pain of stomatitis. Instead, non-alcoholic, soothing mouth rinses are recommended.
B. Advise the patient to avoid all oral intake until the ulcers heal completely: Patients still need proper nutrition, and complete avoidance of food can lead to malnutrition. Soft, non-irritating foods are encouraged rather than full avoidance.
C. Suggest the patient brush their teeth vigorously to remove any bacteria from the mouth: Vigorous brushing can worsen oral ulcers and lead to further pain and bleeding. A gentle, soft-bristle toothbrush should be recommended.
D. Recommend the patient to consume soft, non-irritating foods and avoid acidic or spicy foods.
Consuming soft, bland, non-irritating foods and avoiding acidic or spicy foods helps reduce discomfort and prevent further irritation of oral ulcers, which is essential in managing stomatitis.
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