A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, frequent bloody diarrhea, and signs of dehydration. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering during this exacerbation of ulcerative colitis?
Prednisone
Metronidazole
Omeprazole
Loperamide
The Correct Answer is A
A. Prednisone: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is often used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response during exacerbations of ulcerative colitis. It helps manage the symptoms and prevent further complications.
B. Metronidazole: While used in some gastrointestinal conditions, it is more commonly prescribed for infections related to Crohn’s disease or infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, not for ulcerative colitis exacerbations.
C. Omeprazole: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce stomach acid and is typically indicated for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or peptic ulcers, not ulcerative colitis.
D. Loperamide: This antidiarrheal medication should be used with caution in ulcerative colitis, as it can increase the risk of toxic megacolon.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Laxatives are contraindicated in clients who have a small bowel obstruction. Laxatives such as senna are contraindicated in bowel obstructions because they can increase peristalsis and exacerbate the blockage, leading to complications like bowel perforation or ischemia.
B. Bulk-forming laxatives such as psyllium should be substituted for this client: Bulk-forming laxatives like psyllium would not be appropriate either because they rely on bowel movement for efficacy. They could worsen the obstruction by adding bulk.
C. An osmotic laxative, such as magnesium citrate, should be substituted in this client: Osmotic laxatives, like magnesium citrate, are also contraindicated in bowel obstruction because they draw water into the bowel, which can worsen distension and pressure on the obstructed area.
D. The prescribed medication should be administered via NG route rather than the oral route for this client: While NG tubes may be used to decompress the bowel in cases of obstruction, administering a laxative through an NG tube would still be contraindicated, as laxatives increase the risk of further complications in bowel obstruction.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Atorvastatin: Atorvastatin is a statin used to manage cholesterol levels. It is generally safe for use in patients with CKD.
B. Losartan: Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used to manage hypertension and protect the kidneys in diabetic nephropathy. It can be beneficial in CKD patients.
C. Vancomycin: Vancomycin is an antibiotic known to be nephrotoxic, especially in patients with compromised kidney function. It should be used with caution or avoided in patients with CKD.
D. Aspirin: While aspirin can have adverse effects on the kidneys at high doses, its nephrotoxic potential is lower than that of vancomycin. In low doses, aspirin is commonly used for cardiovascular protection, even in patients with CKD.
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