A nurse is gathering data on a client who was admitted with pyelonephritis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect the client to be exhibiting?
(Select All that Apply.)
Frothy urine
Hypertension
Fish-type urine odor
Mental confusion
Lower abdominal pain
Weak urine stream
Correct Answer : B,C,D,E
A. Frothy urine: Frothy urine is typically associated with proteinuria, seen in nephrotic syndrome, not pyelonephritis.
B. Hypertension: Hypertension can occur due to kidney inflammation and impaired function in pyelonephritis.
C. Fish-type urine odor: A foul or fishy-smelling urine odor is often associated with a urinary tract infection, including pyelonephritis.
D. Mental confusion: Mental confusion can occur in elderly patients with pyelonephritis due to systemic infection or sepsis.
E. Lower abdominal pain: Lower abdominal pain can occur with pyelonephritis due to infection in the urinary tract.
F. Weak urine stream: A weak urine stream is more characteristic of lower urinary tract issues, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), rather than pyelonephritis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Encourage the patient to use an alcohol-based mouthwash to clean the oral cavity:
Alcohol-based mouthwashes can irritate the oral mucosa and worsen the pain of stomatitis. Instead, non-alcoholic, soothing mouth rinses are recommended.
B. Advise the patient to avoid all oral intake until the ulcers heal completely: Patients still need proper nutrition, and complete avoidance of food can lead to malnutrition. Soft, non-irritating foods are encouraged rather than full avoidance.
C. Suggest the patient brush their teeth vigorously to remove any bacteria from the mouth: Vigorous brushing can worsen oral ulcers and lead to further pain and bleeding. A gentle, soft-bristle toothbrush should be recommended.
D. Recommend the patient to consume soft, non-irritating foods and avoid acidic or spicy foods.
Consuming soft, bland, non-irritating foods and avoiding acidic or spicy foods helps reduce discomfort and prevent further irritation of oral ulcers, which is essential in managing stomatitis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Eating contaminated food or water from an infected source can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C." This applies to hepatitis A, not hepatitis C. Hepatitis A is transmitted through the fecal-oral route, whereas hepatitis C is bloodborne.
B. "Coming into contact with infected blood, such as from that of a dirty needle, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C." Hepatitis C is primarily spread through blood-to-blood contact, most commonly through sharing needles, blood transfusions before widespread blood screening, or needle-stick injuries.
C. "Coming into contact with an infected person's bodily fluids, such as saliva, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C." Hepatitis C is not commonly spread through casual contact or saliva. The risk of transmission through bodily fluids other than blood is extremely low.
D. "Consuming a large amount of alcohol at one time can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C." Alcohol does not cause hepatitis C, though it can worsen liver damage in individuals already infected with the virus.
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