A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being evaluated for medication management. Which of the following medications should be avoided due to its potential nephrotoxic effects?

Atorvastatin

Losartan

Vancomycin

Aspirin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Atorvastatin: Atorvastatin is a statin used to manage cholesterol levels. It is generally safe for use in patients with CKD.

B. Losartan: Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used to manage hypertension and protect the kidneys in diabetic nephropathy. It can be beneficial in CKD patients.

C. Vancomycin: Vancomycin is an antibiotic known to be nephrotoxic, especially in patients with compromised kidney function. It should be used with caution or avoided in patients with CKD.

D. Aspirin: While aspirin can have adverse effects on the kidneys at high doses, its nephrotoxic potential is lower than that of vancomycin. In low doses, aspirin is commonly used for cardiovascular protection, even in patients with CKD.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Prednisone: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is often used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response during exacerbations of ulcerative colitis. It helps manage the symptoms and prevent further complications.

B. Metronidazole: While used in some gastrointestinal conditions, it is more commonly prescribed for infections related to Crohn’s disease or infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, not for ulcerative colitis exacerbations.

C. Omeprazole: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce stomach acid and is typically indicated for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or peptic ulcers, not ulcerative colitis.

D. Loperamide: This antidiarrheal medication should be used with caution in ulcerative colitis, as it can increase the risk of toxic megacolon.

A. Dehydration B. Hyperkalemia C. Iron-deficiency anemia D. Electrolyte imbalance

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Dehydration: While dehydration is a possible complication in ulcerative colitis, it does not explain the symptoms of fatigue and pallor.

B. Hyperkalemia: Hyperkalemia is not typically associated with chronic blood loss and would present with symptoms like muscle weakness or arrhythmias.

C. Iron-deficiency anemia: Chronic blood loss from frequent diarrhea and ulceration of the colon in ulcerative colitis can lead to iron-deficiency anemia, causing symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, and pallor.

D. Electrolyte imbalance: While electrolyte imbalances may occur with ulcerative colitis, they do not directly cause fatigue, dizziness, and pallor related to chronic blood loss.

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A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being evaluated for medication management. Which of the following medications should be avoided due to its potential nephrotoxic effects?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, frequent bloody diarrhea, and signs of dehydration. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering during this exacerbation of ulcerative colitis?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, dizziness, and pallor. Upon further assessment, you suspect chronic blood loss. Which potential complication is most likely contributing to these symptoms?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being evaluated for medication management. Which of the following medications should be avoided due to its potential nephrotoxic effects?