A female patient presents with epigastric pain and is being evaluated for peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Upon reviewing her history, which of the following risk factors would be most indicative of increasing his likelihood of developing PUD?

Social drinking of alcohol

Diet high in fiber and vegetables

Frequent use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

History of seasonal allergies

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Social drinking of alcohol: While excessive alcohol consumption can irritate the stomach lining, social drinking is not as strongly associated with peptic ulcer disease as NSAID use.

B. Diet high in fiber and vegetables: A diet high in fiber and vegetables is generally protective against gastrointestinal issues and is not associated with an increased risk of PUD.

C. Frequent use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): NSAIDs are one of the most common causes of peptic ulcers. They can damage the stomach lining and increase acid production, leading to ulcers.

D. History of seasonal allergies: Seasonal allergies have no direct link to the development of peptic ulcers and are not a risk factor for PUD.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","F"]

Explanation

A. Increased fluid intake and patient education on hydration: Encouraging increased fluid intake helps to flush bacteria from the urinary tract and prevent further infection. Hydration is a key component of managing UTIs, as it dilutes urine and promotes frequent urination, reducing bacterial colonization.

B. Blood cultures: Blood cultures are not typically indicated for uncomplicated UTIs, especially in a patient without signs of systemic infection or sepsis (e.g., high fever, hypotension, tachycardia). Blood cultures are more relevant in severe or complicated UTIs, or when there is concern for urosepsis.

C. Urine culture and sensitivity testing: A urine culture and sensitivity is essential for identifying the specific bacteria causing the infection and determining the appropriate antibiotic for treatment. This is especially important for patients with a history of recurrent UTIs to ensure the right antibiotic is selected and to avoid antibiotic resistance.

D. Repeat urinalysis after antibiotic treatment completion: A repeat urinalysis after antibiotic treatment is often ordered to ensure that the infection has been resolved, particularly in patients with recurrent infections.

E. Foley catheter placement: A Foley catheter is not appropriate for this patient, as there is no indication of urinary retention, and catheterization increases the risk of introducing new infections.

F. Oral antibiotics, such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or ciprofloxacin: Oral antibiotics like trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) or ciprofloxacin are commonly prescribed for treating uncomplicated UTIs. Given the patient’s history of recurrent UTIs, empiric antibiotic therapy is appropriate pending urine culture results.

A. Frothy urine B. Hypertension C. Fish-type urine odor D. Mental confusion E. Lower abdominal pain F. Weak urine stream

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Frothy urine: Frothy urine is typically associated with proteinuria, seen in nephrotic syndrome, not pyelonephritis.

B. Hypertension: Hypertension can occur due to kidney inflammation and impaired function in pyelonephritis.

C. Fish-type urine odor: A foul or fishy-smelling urine odor is often associated with a urinary tract infection, including pyelonephritis.

D. Mental confusion: Mental confusion can occur in elderly patients with pyelonephritis due to systemic infection or sepsis.

E. Lower abdominal pain: Lower abdominal pain can occur with pyelonephritis due to infection in the urinary tract.

F. Weak urine stream: A weak urine stream is more characteristic of lower urinary tract issues, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), rather than pyelonephritis.

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A female patient presents with epigastric pain and is being evaluated for peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Upon reviewing her history, which of the following risk factors would be most indicative of increasing his likelihood of developing PUD?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","F"]

Explanation

A nurse is gathering data on a client who was admitted with pyelonephritis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect the client to be exhibiting? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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