A patient with a history of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. The nurse is providing education on health prevention measures to manage GERD symptoms. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a correct understanding of the nurse's teaching?

I should eat large meals to reduce the frequency of acid reflux.

I should drink peppermint tea after meals to help with digestion.

I should lie down immediately after eating to prevent heartburn.

I should avoid eating meals at least 2-3 hours before bedtime.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. I should eat large meals to reduce the frequency of acid reflux: Large meals can worsen GERD by increasing stomach pressure and acid production, leading to reflux. Small, frequent meals are recommended instead.

B. I should drink peppermint tea after meals to help with digestion: While peppermint may help with general digestion, it can relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), making GERD worse by allowing acid to reflux into the esophagus.

C. I should lie down immediately after eating to prevent heartburn: Lying down after meals increases the likelihood of acid reflux due to gravity, especially if the stomach is full, and should be avoided.

D. I should avoid eating meals at least 2-3 hours before bedtime. Avoiding meals 2-3 hours before bedtime helps reduce acid reflux by preventing the stomach from being full and producing excess acid when lying down.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Instruct the patient to change positions slowly to prevent dizziness and falls. Ascites can cause a shift in fluid balance, leading to orthostatic hypotension. Changing positions slowly reduces the risk of dizziness and falls, which are common in patients with fluid shifts.

B. Advise the patient to avoid all physical activity to prevent exacerbation of symptoms: Complete avoidance of physical activity is not recommended. Mild activity may help with overall health and mobility unless contraindicated. Bedrest is typically only recommended for acute or severe cases.

C. Encourage the patient to drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration: Patients with ascites are often on fluid restrictions to manage excess fluid accumulation. Encouraging excess fluid intake can worsen the condition.

D. Recommend wearing tight clothing to support the abdominal area: Tight clothing could cause discomfort and increase abdominal pressure, which could exacerbate symptoms or complications related to ascites.

A. The gallbladder became infected by a virus and needs to be removed. B. The gallbladder has become inflamed due to a build-up of gallstones that are blocking the common bile duct. C. The gallbladder has become blocked by a tumor and is no longer working D. The gallbladder has become inflamed due to the cholesterol in the gallstones.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. The gallbladder became infected by a virus and needs to be removed: Gallstones are not caused by a viral infection.

B. The gallbladder has become inflamed due to a build-up of gallstones that are blocking the common bile duct: While gallstones can obstruct the bile duct, leading to inflammation, the best explanation relates to cholesterol as the main cause of stone formation.

C. The gallbladder has become blocked by a tumor and is no longer working: Tumors are not a common cause of gallstones or cholecystitis.

D. The gallbladder has become inflamed due to the cholesterol in the gallstones. Gallstones are typically formed from cholesterol and bile salts. When there is too much cholesterol in the bile, it can form stones that may lead to inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis).

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient with ascites has been admitted to your unit. Which of the following safety precautions should you reinforce to prevent complications?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a cholecystectomy due to gallstones. The client asks the nurse what caused the gallstones. Which of the following nurse statements best explains the cause of gallstones?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A female patient recently underwent a partial gastrectomy and is now presenting with symptoms of weakness, dizziness, and sweating, particularly after meals. Based on these symptoms, what is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient is recovering from a common bile duct exploration and has a T-tube drain in place. As the nurse, which action is most appropriate to ensure proper function and patient safety?

A patient with acute pancreatitis is being discharged from the hospital. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching regarding their discharge instructions?

A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as unique for this age group?

A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being evaluated for medication management. Which of the following medications should be avoided due to its potential nephrotoxic effects?

A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, dizziness, and pallor. Upon further assessment, you suspect chronic blood loss. Which potential complication is most likely contributing to these symptoms?

Which of the following client statements demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of the dietary and lifestyle modifications necessary for managing symptoms associated with a hiatal hernia? (Select all that apply.)