A patient who recently began having mild symptoms of GERD is reluctant to take medication. What measures will the nurse recommend to minimize this patient's symptoms? (Select all that apply.)

Avoiding hot, spicy foods

Avoiding tobacco products

Drinking a glass of red wine with dinner

Eating a snack before bedtime

Using a small pillow for sleeping

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

A. Avoiding hot, spicy foods

Spicy foods can increase the production of stomach acid and may irritate the esophagus, worsening GERD symptoms. Avoiding hot and spicy foods is a dietary measure to minimize the risk of symptom exacerbation.

B. Avoiding tobacco products

Tobacco use is a known risk factor for GERD. Smoking can relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. Advising the patient to quit or avoid tobacco products can contribute to symptom management.

C. Drinking a glass of red wine with dinner

While red wine may have some potential benefits, alcohol, in general, can relax the LES, leading to increased reflux. Therefore, drinking red wine with dinner may not be recommended for someone experiencing GERD symptoms.

D. Eating a snack before bedtime

Eating close to bedtime can increase the likelihood of GERD symptoms, as lying down may allow stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. The nurse may advise against eating a snack right before bedtime to minimize nighttime reflux.

E. Using a small pillow for sleeping

Elevating the head and upper body during sleep can help prevent stomach acid from flowing into the esophagus. Using a small pillow for sleeping is a measure to reduce nighttime reflux and alleviate GERD symptoms.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Ephedra:

Ephedra is an herb that contains ephedrine, a stimulant known to cause symptoms such as severe headache, diaphoresis, and restlessness. Ephedrine has been associated with cardiovascular side effects, leading to its restriction or banning in many countries.

B. Feverfew:

Feverfew is an herb commonly used for migraine prevention. It is not typically associated with severe headache, diaphoresis, or restlessness. Instead, it is known for its potential benefits in reducing the frequency and severity of migraines.

C. Garlic:

Garlic is an herb often used for various health purposes, including cardiovascular health. It is not known to cause severe headache, diaphoresis, or restlessness.

D. St. John's Wort:

St. John's Wort is an herb commonly used for mood-related conditions, such as mild to moderate depression. It is not associated with the symptoms described, and its primary effects are related to mood regulation.

A. Carbidopa-levodopa B. Donepezil C. Rivastigmine D. Tacrine

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Carbidopa-levodopa

The symptoms described, including a shuffling gait, lack of facial expression, and tremors at rest, are characteristic of Parkinson's disease. Carbidopa-levodopa is a common medication used in the management of Parkinson's disease.

B. Donepezil

Donepezil is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, a condition characterized by cognitive decline and memory impairment. It is not indicated for Parkinson's disease.

C. Rivastigmine

Rivastigmine is another medication used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, and it is also used in Parkinson's disease dementia. However, it is not the primary medication for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

D. Tacrine

Tacrine was once used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, but it is no longer commonly prescribed due to safety concerns and the availability of newer, safer medications. It is not indicated for Parkinson's disease.

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A patient who recently began having mild symptoms of GERD is reluctant to take medication. What measures will the nurse recommend to minimize this patient's symptoms? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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