A patient who is receiving sustained-release morphine sulfate (MS Contin) every 12 hours for chronic pain experiences level 9 (0 to 10 scale) breakthrough pain and anxiety. Which action by the nurse is appropriate for treating this change in assessment?

B. If the patient expresses confusion or uncertainty about the surgical procedure, the nurse should notify the surgeon or appropriate healthcare provider promptly. The surgeon may need to revisit the discussion with the patient, clarify any misunderstandings, and answer any questions to ensure informed consent.

A. This option involves the nurse providing the patient with a comprehensive explanation of the planned surgical procedure, including the purpose, risks, benefits, and alternatives. That however, is the role of the provider.

C. While the operating room nurse may have knowledge about the planned surgical procedure, it is ultimately the responsibility of the surgeon or healthcare provider performing the procedure to ensure that the patient understands and consents to the surgery.

D. Administering preoperative antibiotics and managing sedative medications are important aspects of preoperative care but are not directly related to addressing the patient's concerns about understanding the planned surgical procedure.

D. Difficulty or inability to abduct (raise out to the side) the arm at the shoulder is a classic finding in rotator cuff injuries, particularly in cases of significant tears or severe inflammation. This limitation in shoulder movement can be due to pain, weakness, or mechanical impingement caused by the injured rotator cuff.

A. The drop arm test is a physical examination maneuver used to assess for rotator cuff tears. In a negative drop arm test, the patient is able to slowly lower their arm from an abducted position (out to the side) to their side without significant pain or weakness. A negative test suggests that there may not be a complete tear of the rotator cuff.

B. Alteration in the contour of the shoulder joint could indicate various shoulder pathologies, including rotator cuff injuries. However, it is a nonspecific finding and can occur with other shoulder conditions as well.

C. Tinel's sign is a test used to assess for nerve compression or irritation. While it can be positive in conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome, it is not typically associated with rotator cuff injuries.