A patient has been treated for lung cancer for 3 years. Over the past few months, the patient has noticed that the opioid analgesic is not helping as much as it had previously and more medication is needed for the same pain relief. The nurse is aware that this patient is experiencing which of these?

Opioid abstinence syndrome

Opioid tolerance

Opioid toxicity

Opioid addiction

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Opioid tolerance occurs when the body becomes less responsive to the effects of opioids over time. This means that higher doses of the medication are needed to achieve the same level of pain relief that was previously achieved with lower doses. Opioid tolerance is a common phenomenon in long-term opioid therapy and can occur in patients who have been using opioids for an extended period.

Opioid abstinence syndrome, also known as opioid withdrawal, refers to the set of symptoms that occur when a person abruptly stops or reduces their use of opioids after developing physical dependence.

Opioid toxicity refers to the harmful effects that occur when an individual takes an excessive dose of opioids, leading to potentially life-threatening complications. It is characterized by symptoms such as respiratory depression, sedation, pinpoint pupils, and decreased level of consciousness.

Opioid addiction is a complex condition characterized by compulsive drug-seeking behavior, loss of control over opioid use, and continued use despite negative consequences.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A blood glucose level of 40 mg/dL indicates severe hypoglycemia, which is a medical emergency requiring immediate attention. Hypoglycemia can lead to confusion, altered mental status, seizures, and loss of consciousness if not treated promptly. Therefore, it is crucial to assess and intervene quickly to raise the patient's blood glucose level to a safe range.

While the other clients mentioned also require attention and appropriate care, the severity and immediate risk associated with severe hypoglycemia make it the priority situation. The nurse should initiate appropriate treatment for hypoglycemia, such as administering glucose or glucagon, and closely monitor the patient's response.

A. The fever caused by Gastroenteritis. B. A side effect of the antibiotics used to treat Gastroenteritis. C. Administration of IV Furosemide to treat Gastroenteritis. D. The nausea and vomiting associated with gastroenteritis.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Nausea and vomiting can lead to excessive loss of fluids and electrolytes, including potassium, from the body. Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract typically caused by viral or bacterial infections. It is commonly characterized by symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. Antibiotics are not typically used to treat viral gastroenteritis and would not directly cause the electrolyte imbalance. Administration of IV Furosemide, a diuretic, would increase urine output but is not typically used to treat gastroenteritis. The fever itself may contribute to fluid loss but would not directly cause the electrolyte imbalance.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

After a change-of-shift report, which client should the nurse assess first?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Jo is admitted to the hospital with Gastroenteritis. Labs show a potassium (K+ level of 2.8 meQ/dL and sodium (Nat level of 135 meq/dL. The nurse knows that the electrolyte imbalance may be caused by ...

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse assesses a patient who had a total abdominal hysterectomy 2 days ago. Which information about the patient is most important to communicate to the health care provider?

The nurse is caring for a preschool child with a cast applied recently for a fractured tibia. Which assessment finding indicates possible compartment syndrome?

An older adult client fell while getting out of bed. Which assessment finding indicates a possible hip fracture?

The nurse will plan to teach a patient who has pernicious anemia about the need for:

A patient with sepsis has a BP of 70/46 mm Hg, pulse of 136 beats/min, respirations of 32 breaths/min, temperature of 104°F, and blood glucose of 245 mg/dL. Which intervention ordered by the health care provider should the nurse implement first?

After the insertion of an arteriovenous graft (AVG) in the right forearm, a patient complains of pain and coldness of the right fingers. Which action should the nurse take?

Why it is important to immobilize a suspected fracture. The nurse explains that immobilizing a fracture will... (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

The nurse is preparing to witness the patient signing the operative consent form when the patient says, "I don't understand what the doctor said about the surgery." Which action should the nurse take next?