A patient has been admitted with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Which intervention would be incorporated into the plan of care to prevent the metabolic imbalances associated with this disorder?
Restrict foods containing potassium.
Give sodium polystyrene sulfonate for hypokalemia.
Keep urine pH below 7.0.
Restrict all oral fluids.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Restricting foods containing potassium helps prevent hyperkalemia, a common metabolic imbalance in tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) due to the rapid release of intracellular potassium from lysed tumor cells.
Choice B rationale
Giving sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia, not hypokalemia. It works by binding potassium in the gut and helping excrete it from the body, but it is not a preventive measure for metabolic imbalances in TLS.
Choice C rationale
Keeping urine pH below 7.0 is not recommended for TLS. Alkalinizing the urine to a pH above 7.0 helps prevent uric acid crystallization and renal damage, which is crucial in managing TLS.
Choice D rationale
Restricting all oral fluids is not advisable for TLS. Adequate hydration is essential to support kidney function and enhance the excretion of electrolytes and uric acid, which helps prevent and manage TLS.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) does not originate in the peripheral vascular system. This system involves the blood vessels outside of the heart and brain, and while SLE can affect these vessels, it is not the primary origin of the disease.
Choice B rationale
SLE does not originate in muscle tissue. Muscle involvement in SLE typically results from inflammation caused by the autoimmune response, but muscle tissue is not the source of the disease.
Choice C rationale
Connective tissue is where SLE originates. SLE is an autoimmune disease that primarily targets connective tissue, causing inflammation and damage to various organs and systems throughout the body.
Choice D rationale
The lymphatic system is not the origin of SLE. While the immune system plays a key role in SLE, the disease itself originates in the connective tissue, not the lymphatic system.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Replacing the water in flower vases daily does not prevent infection for a client with neutropenia, as bacteria can still accumulate.
Choice B rationale
Humidifying the client’s room can increase the risk of mold growth, which is harmful to immunocompromised clients.
Choice C rationale
Serving cooked fruit minimizes the risk of infections from bacteria and fungi present on raw fruits, which is crucial for clients with low WBC counts.
Choice D rationale
Cleaning dentures in a denture cup does not significantly reduce infection risks for immunocompromised clients; proper mouth hygiene is essential but this practice alone is insufficient.
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