A nursery nurse is attending the birth of a post-term infant.
Meconium aspiration syndrome
macrosomia
intraventricular hemorrhage
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Correct Answer : A,B
Rationale for Correct Choices
• Meconium aspiration syndrome: The presence of thick green amniotic fluid indicates meconium-stained fluid, which the post-term infant may aspirate during delivery. Meconium aspiration can obstruct the airways, cause chemical pneumonitis, and lead to respiratory distress requiring immediate intervention and supportive care.
• Macrosomia: Post-term infants are at increased risk of macrosomia due to prolonged gestation and continued growth in utero. Macrosomic infants face complications such as difficult labor, shoulder dystocia, and birth injuries, necessitating careful monitoring and potential interventions during delivery.
Rationale for Incorrect Choices
• Intraventricular hemorrhage: This condition is primarily associated with preterm infants due to fragile germinal matrix vasculature. The post-term infant in this scenario is less likely to develop intraventricular hemorrhage.
• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Chronic lung disease usually develops in preterm infants who have required prolonged mechanical ventilation or oxygen therapy. The term post-term infant is not at high risk for this condition immediately after birth.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "Remove a plug from the socket by pulling the cord.": Pulling a plug out by the cord can damage the wiring and expose live electrical components, increasing the risk of electric shock or fire. The plug should always be removed by grasping the base of the plug itself to ensure safety.
B. "Check for a tingling sensation around the cord.": A tingling sensation indicates faulty wiring or electrical leakage, which poses a serious safety hazard. Rather than checking for it, individuals should immediately stop using any cord that gives off a tingling sensation and report or replace it.
C. "Use three-pronged grounded plugs.": Grounded plugs provide an essential safety feature by redirecting excess electrical current safely into the ground. This reduces the risk of electrical fires and shocks, especially in appliances with metal casings or high power consumption.
D. "Cover extension cords with a rug.": Covering cords traps heat, prevents adequate ventilation, and increases the risk of overheating and fire. Extension cords should remain uncovered and placed in areas where they will not be walked on or damaged.
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Assess the client's lung sounds prior to the infusion: Baseline lung assessment helps detect early signs of fluid overload or transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO), which is especially important in older adults.
B. Prime the infusion tubing with 0.45% sodium chloride: Only 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is compatible with blood products. Hypotonic solutions such as 0.45% sodium chloride can cause hemolysis of red blood cells.
C. Don sterile gloves to prepare the blood administration setup: Clean gloves are sufficient for preparing and administering blood transfusions. Sterile gloves are not required unless performing a sterile procedure.
D. Verify with another nurse that the unit of blood is compatible with the client's blood type: Double verification of the client’s identity and blood compatibility prevents hemolytic transfusion reactions due to mismatched blood.
E. Infuse the blood over 4 hr: Each unit of packed RBCs should be transfused within no more than 4 hours to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination and hemolysis from prolonged infusion.
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