A nurse working in the PACU (post-anesthesia care unit)/recovery room unit is monitoring a patient whose vital signs were stable upon arrival from the operating room. The patient’s temperature began to rise steadily the past 20 minutes and continues to rise, the heart monitor shows sinus tachycardia with a rate of 122, the patient’s blood pressure is 86/42, and pulse ox is 88% on 2 L O2 via nasal cannula.
The nurse suspects which genetic condition?
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.
Malignant hypothermia.
Thalassemia.
Malignant hyperthermia.
The Correct Answer is D
Malignant hyperthermia is a severe reaction to certain drugs used for anesthesia that can cause muscle rigidity, fever, and a fast heart rate. It can be fatal if not treated promptly with medication, oxygen, body cooling, and supportive care. The patient’s symptoms match those of malignant hyperthermia.
Choice A is wrong because alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and liver, causing shortness of breath, wheezing, and jaundice.
It does not cause a rise in body temperature or muscle rigidity. Choice B is wrong because malignant hypothermia does not exist. It is a misspelling of malignant hyperthermia.
Choice C is wrong because thalassemia is a genetic disorder that affects the production of hemoglobin, causing anemia, fatigue, and bone deformities.
It does not cause a rise in body temperature or muscle rigidity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
This type of anemia is caused by the reduced absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine after gastric bypass surgery. Vitamin B12 is needed for the production of healthy red blood cells and nerve function. The symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia include sore tongue, tingling in the fingers, and balance problems.
Choice A is wrong because folic acid deficiency anemia is caused by the lack of folic acid in the diet or increased demand for folic acid, such as during pregnancy.
Folic acid is also needed for red blood cell production, but it does not cause nerve symptoms.
Choice B is wrong because aplastic anemia is caused by the failure of the bone marrow to produce enough blood cells.
It is not related to gastric bypass surgery or nutrient deficiency. It can be caused by infections, drugs, radiation, or autoimmune diseases.
Choice D is wrong because acquired anemia is a general term for any type of anemia that is not inherited or present at birth.
It can have many causes, such as blood loss, infection, inflammation, or chronic disease.
It does not specify the type of anemia or the underlying mechanism. Normal ranges for hemoglobin are 13.5 to 17.5 g/dL for men and 12 to 15.5 g/dL for women. Normal ranges for vitamin B12 are 200 to 900 pg/mL.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A patient with a BMI of 38 is considered to have obesity, which means they have excess body fat that may impair their mobility and increase their risk of complications such as pressure ulcers, infections, and respiratory problems. A bariatric bed is designed to accommodate the weight and size of obese patients, and a trapeze bar can help them change positions and transfer to a chair or wheelchair.
These interventions can promote comfort, safety, and independence for the patient.
Choice A is wrong because hourly vital signs are not necessary for a patient with obesity unless they have other conditions that warrant frequent monitoring.
Choice B is wrong because implementing all fall risk precautions may be excessive and restrictive for a patient with obesity who is otherwise stable and alert.
Choice D is wrong because supine positioning can compromise the patient’s breathing and circulation, and increase the risk of pressure ulcers and aspiration.
The patient should be encouraged to change positions frequently and elevate the head of the bed when lying down.
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