A nurse on a mental health unit is caring for clients who have various d Bryant traction. When determining that the traction is the following client diagnoses as presenting the greatest risk for suicide?
Seasonal affective disorder
Persistent depressive disorder
Major depressive disorder
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
The Correct Answer is C
A. Seasonal affective disorder (SAD): While individuals with SAD experience depressive symptoms that tend to occur seasonally, typically in the winter months, the severity of symptoms is generally less severe compared to MDD. While suicide risk can still be present in individuals with SAD, it is usually lower compared to those with MDD.
B. Persistent depressive disorder (PDD): Persistent depressive disorder, formerly known as dysthymia, is characterized by chronic depressive symptoms that are less severe than those seen in MDD. While individuals with PDD may experience prolonged feelings of sadness and hopelessness, their symptoms may not reach the severity seen in MDD. Therefore, the risk of suicide may be lower in individuals with PDD compared to those with MDD.
C. Major depressive disorder (MDD): Major depressive disorder is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and worthlessness, along with a loss of interest or pleasure in activities. Individuals with MDD are at significant risk of suicide, especially if their depressive symptoms are severe. The presence of traction may exacerbate feelings of hopelessness or helplessness in individuals with MDD, further increasing the risk of suicide.
D. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD): PMDD is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) characterized by significant mood disturbances and other symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. While PMDD can cause distressing symptoms, including depressive mood, irritability, and anxiety, it is typically limited to the premenstrual period and does not carry the same chronicity or severity as MDD. Therefore, the risk of suicide may be lower in individuals with PMDD compared to those with MDD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Undoing: Undoing is a defense mechanism characterized by attempting to reverse or negate a previous action or experience through symbolic acts or behaviors. This involves expressing remorse or attempting to make up for perceived wrongdoings. The student's behavior of berating the teacher and the course does not align with undoing.
B. Projection: Projection is a defense mechanism where one attributes their unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or impulses onto others. In this scenario, the student is projecting their feelings of failure onto the teacher and the course, blaming them for the failed examination instead of taking personal responsibility.
C. Regression: Regression involves reverting to earlier, more childlike behaviors or stages of development in response to stress or conflict. While the student's behavior may involve emotional distress related to the failed examination, the act of berating the teacher and the course is not indicative of regression.
D. Conversion: Conversion involves the expression of psychological stress or emotional conflict through physical symptoms or complaints without a physiological basis. The student's behavior of berating others does not fit the pattern of conversion.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Repression: Repression involves unconsciously pushing unwanted thoughts, memories, or feelings out of conscious awareness. It involves burying distressing emotions or memories deep in the unconscious mind to avoid dealing with them consciously. In this scenario, the client's behavior does not suggest the repression of any specific thoughts or memories but rather a coping mechanism related to their current stress and anxiety.
B. Introjection: Introjection occurs when an individual internalizes the values, beliefs, or attitudes of others as if they were their own. It involves incorporating external standards or influences into one's own identity. While introjection may contribute to the client's behavior indirectly by influencing their beliefs about needing external support, the primary defense mechanism at play in this scenario is regression.
C. Dissociation: Dissociation involves a disruption in the integration of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment. It often manifests as a detachment from reality or a sense of being disconnected from oneself or the surrounding environment. While dissociation may occur in response to severe stress or trauma, it typically involves more extreme symptoms than those described by the client in this scenario.
D. Regression: Regression involves reverting to earlier, less mature behaviors or stages of development in response to stress or anxiety. It reflects a retreat to a more comfortable or familiar state in an attempt to cope with overwhelming emotions or situations. In this scenario, the client's statement about needing someone to take care of them suggests a desire to return to a state of dependency, which is characteristic of regression as a defense mechanism.
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