A nurse is counseling a client for the management of anxiety. The client is consistently late for appointments and ignores household chores. The client states, "I'm just too stressed. I need someone to take care of me." The nurse identifies this behavior as an example of which of the following defense mechanisms?

Repression

Introjection

Dissociation

Regression

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Repression: Repression involves unconsciously pushing unwanted thoughts, memories, or feelings out of conscious awareness. It involves burying distressing emotions or memories deep in the unconscious mind to avoid dealing with them consciously. In this scenario, the client's behavior does not suggest the repression of any specific thoughts or memories but rather a coping mechanism related to their current stress and anxiety.

B. Introjection: Introjection occurs when an individual internalizes the values, beliefs, or attitudes of others as if they were their own. It involves incorporating external standards or influences into one's own identity. While introjection may contribute to the client's behavior indirectly by influencing their beliefs about needing external support, the primary defense mechanism at play in this scenario is regression.

C. Dissociation: Dissociation involves a disruption in the integration of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment. It often manifests as a detachment from reality or a sense of being disconnected from oneself or the surrounding environment. While dissociation may occur in response to severe stress or trauma, it typically involves more extreme symptoms than those described by the client in this scenario.

D. Regression: Regression involves reverting to earlier, less mature behaviors or stages of development in response to stress or anxiety. It reflects a retreat to a more comfortable or familiar state in an attempt to cope with overwhelming emotions or situations. In this scenario, the client's statement about needing someone to take care of them suggests a desire to return to a state of dependency, which is characteristic of regression as a defense mechanism.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Undoing: Undoing is a defense mechanism characterized by attempting to reverse or negate a previous action or experience through symbolic acts or behaviors. This involves expressing remorse or attempting to make up for perceived wrongdoings. The student's behavior of berating the teacher and the course does not align with undoing.

B. Projection: Projection is a defense mechanism where one attributes their unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or impulses onto others. In this scenario, the student is projecting their feelings of failure onto the teacher and the course, blaming them for the failed examination instead of taking personal responsibility.

C. Regression: Regression involves reverting to earlier, more childlike behaviors or stages of development in response to stress or conflict. While the student's behavior may involve emotional distress related to the failed examination, the act of berating the teacher and the course is not indicative of regression.

D. Conversion: Conversion involves the expression of psychological stress or emotional conflict through physical symptoms or complaints without a physiological basis. The student's behavior of berating others does not fit the pattern of conversion.

A. Half-strength infant formula B. Sterile water C. Oral electrolyte solution D. Half-strength orange juice

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Half-strength infant formula: Infant formula, even if diluted, may not be appropriate immediately after a repair of intussusception. It may be too heavy for the infant's digestive system, potentially leading to complications. Clear fluids are usually preferred initially.

B. Sterile water: Sterile water is not typically recommended for oral intake in infants after a repair of intussusception. It lacks essential electrolytes needed to maintain proper hydration and electrolyte balance.

C. Oral electrolyte solution: Oral electrolyte solutions, such as Pedialyte, are often recommended for infants after a repair of intussusception. These solutions contain balanced electrolytes and fluids, which help prevent dehydration and restore electrolyte balance.

D. Half-strength orange juice: Orange juice, even if diluted, is not typically recommended immediately after a repair of intussusception. It may be too acidic and may cause gastrointestinal discomfort or irritation in the infant. Clear fluids are preferred initially to allow the gastrointestinal tract to rest and recover.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse at a college campus mental health counseling center is caring for a student who just failed an examination. The student spends the session berating the teacher and the course. The nurse should recognize this behavior as which of the following defense mechanisms?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who has a prescription for clear liquids by mouth after a repair of an intussusception. Which of the following fluids should the nurse select for the infant?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer a vaccine into the deltoid muscle of a preschooler. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is caring for a toddler who has acute laryngotracheobonchitis after a repair of an intussusception. Which of the indicates that the treatment has been effective?

A nurse is planning discharge for a client who has borderline personality disorder. Which of the following interventions should be included for this client?

A nurse is caring for a 6-week-old infant who has a pyloric stenosis. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?

A nurse is assessing a toddler who has suspected lead poisoning. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect the client to manifest with acute lead poisoning?

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A community health nurse is providing teaching to the family of a client who has primary dementia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse tell the family to expect?