A nurse is teaching the parent of a newborn about bottle feeding. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for further instruction?
"I will keep my baby's head elevated while he is feeding.”
"I will allow my baby to burp several times during each feeding.”
"I will tip the nipple so air is present as my baby sucks.”
"My baby will have soft, formed yellow stools.”
The Correct Answer is C
The correct answer is choice C: "I will tip the nipple so air is present as my baby sucks.”
Choice A rationale:
The parent's statement in choice A, "I will keep my baby's head elevated while he is feeding,” indicates an understanding of proper bottle feeding techniques. Keeping the baby's head slightly elevated can help prevent choking and aspiration during feedings. This is a correct statement, and no further instruction is needed in this regard.
Choice B rationale:
The parent's statement in choice B, "I will allow my baby to burp several times during each feeding,” also demonstrates knowledge of appropriate bottle feeding practices. Burping the baby during and after feedings helps release swallowed air, reducing the likelihood of excessive gas and discomfort. This statement is correct, and no additional instruction is required.
Choice C rationale:
Choice C is the incorrect statement because tipping the nipple to introduce air while the baby sucks is not a recommended practice. In fact, it can lead to an increased intake of air, potentially causing gas, discomfort, and colic in the baby. Therefore, further instruction is needed to correct this misconception.
Choice D Rationale:
Choice D is not directly related to the need for further instruction in bottle feeding techniques and is not addressed in the explanation.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
"Retract the foreskin until you feel resistance." This advice is not recommended for newborns with an uncircumcised penis. The foreskin of most male babies doesn't yet pull back (retract) fully at birth, and forcing it back can cause pain, bleeding, and possible damage.
Choice B reason:
"Use a cotton swab to clean under the foreskin." This is not advisable for a newborn's uncircumcised penis. The foreskin is usually still attached to the glans and does not require any special cleaning inside. Using a cotton swab could potentially cause harm by forcing the foreskin back.
Choice C reason:
"Apply petroleum jelly to the foreskin." This instruction is more applicable to a circumcised penis during the healing process to prevent the penis from sticking to the diaper. For an uncircumcised penis, there's no need to apply petroleum jelly as part of regular care.
Choice D reason:
"Wash the penis once per day with soap and water." This is the correct care for an uncircumcised penis. Parents should gently wash the genital area with mild soap and water during bath time without retracting the foreskin.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is A. Apply an ice pack to the affected area. Ice packs are recommended during the first 24 hours after birth to decrease swelling and help with pain.
Choice A reason: Applying an ice pack to the episiotomy site helps reduce swelling and provides pain relief. This is the standard care within the first 24 hours postpartum.
Choice B reason: A warm sitz bath is generally recommended after the first 24 hours following birth. It is not the best immediate action for unrelieved pain shortly after delivery.
Choice C reason: While maintaining cleanliness with a squeeze bottle of antiseptic solution is important for preventing infection, it does not provide the immediate pain relief needed for unrelieved episiotomy pain.
Choice D reason: Heat application, such as placing a hot pack, is not advised within the first 24 hours postpartum because it can increase the risk of swelling and bleeding.
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