A nurse is teaching about nutrition guidelines to a parent of a newborn. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I should wait to begin fluoride supplements until my baby is 4 months of age."
"I should introduce cow's milk when my baby is 9 months old."
"I should wait to give fruit juice until my baby is 6 months of age."
"I should start solid foods when my baby is 3 months old."
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason:
Introducing fluoride supplements to a newborn is not typically recommended until the age of 6 months, unless advised by a healthcare provider due to specific water supply conditions. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests that fluoride supplementation should begin at 6 months if the water supply is deficient in fluoride.
Choice B reason:
Cow's milk is not recommended for infants under the age of 1 year. Introducing cow's milk before this age can lead to iron deficiency and potentially cause harm to the infant's developing kidneys. It also lacks the proper nutrients that infants require, which are found in breast milk or formula.
Choice C reason:
The AAP recommends that fruit juice should not be introduced to infants before 6 months of age. Before this age, babies should only be fed breast milk or formula. Introducing fruit juice too early can contribute to excessive weight gain and tooth decay.
Choice D reason:
The introduction of solid foods is recommended to start at around 6 months of age. Starting solid foods at 3 months is too early and can increase the risk of choking and may lead to the development of food allergies.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is generally not directly associated with maternal smoking. It is an autoimmune condition where the pancreas produces little to no insulin. Risk factors for Type 1 diabetes include family history and possibly environmental factors, but maternal smoking is not a recognized risk factor.
Choice B reason:
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) refers to poor growth of a fetus while in the mother's womb during pregnancy. The causes of IUGR are many, but maternal smoking is a well-documented risk factor. Smoking during pregnancy can reduce oxygen and nutrient delivery to the fetus, leading to low birth weight and other complications.
Choice C reason:
While smoking during pregnancy can increase the risk of various health issues, there is no direct and consistent evidence linking it to hearing loss in newborns. Hearing loss in newborns can be due to genetic factors, infections during pregnancy, or complications at birth.
Choice D reason:
Congenital heart defects are the most common type of birth defect, and their causes can be multifactorial, including genetic and environmental factors. Maternal smoking has been associated with an increased risk of certain congenital heart defects, but the relationship is not as strong as with intrauterine growth restriction.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice a reason:
An irregular fetal heart rate is not typically associated with a hydatidiform mole because, in many cases of complete molar pregnancy, there is no fetus, and thus no fetal heart rate to assess. In partial molar pregnancies, there may be a fetus with an irregular heart rate, but this is not a definitive sign of a hydatidiform mole.
Choice b reason:
Profuse, clear vaginal discharge is not a common finding in hydatidiform mole. The typical vaginal discharge associated with a molar pregnancy is often described as "grape-like" or "prune juice-like" due to the presence of molar tissue being passed.
Choice c reason:
A rapid decline in hCG levels is not expected in hydatidiform mole; in fact, unusually high levels of hCG are more characteristic of this condition. The abnormal placental tissue in a molar pregnancy tends to produce higher than normal amounts of hCG.
Choice d reason:
Excessive uterine enlargement is a key finding in hydatidiform mole. The uterus often becomes larger than expected for the gestational age because the abnormal placental tissue grows rapidly and takes up more space within the uterus. This can happen within 10 to 16 weeks of gestation and is one of the primary clinical signs that lead to the suspicion of a molar pregnancy.
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