A nurse in a prenatal clinic is teaching a group of clients about nutrition requirements during lactation. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
The recommended intake of iron increases.
Zinc intake should be at least 12 mg per day.
Calcium intake should be at least 2,000 mg per day.
The recommended intake of folic acid remains the same as for pregnant women.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason:
The recommended intake of iron does not necessarily increase during lactation. In fact, the iron requirement may decrease because menstruation usually ceases, reducing iron loss. However, maintaining adequate iron intake is still important for overall health and to support the baby's growth.
Choice B Reason:
Zinc is crucial for immune function, cell division, and growth, making it an important nutrient during lactation. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for zinc for lactating women is indeed higher than for non-pregnant, non-lactating women, with an RDA of about 12 mg per day.
Choice C Reason:
While calcium is important for bone health, the recommended intake for lactating women is not as high as 2,000 mg per day. The RDA for calcium for lactating women is about 1,000 mg per day, similar to that for non-lactating women.
Choice D Reason:
The recommended intake of folic acid does not remain the same as for pregnant women. During pregnancy, the RDA for folic acid is higher to prevent neural tube defects. While folic acid is still important during lactation for cell growth and DNA synthesis, the requirement is slightly lower than during pregnancy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
This choice is incorrect because the hepatitis B vaccine is recommended to be given within 24 hours of birth, but there is no recommendation for hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) to be given every 12 hours for 3 days. The HBIG is typically given as a single dose.
Choice B reason:
This is the correct choice. Newborns whose mothers are positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen should receive both HBIG and the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth. The HBIG provides immediate protection against hepatitis B infection, and the vaccine begins the process of building long-term immunity.
Choice C reason:
This choice is incorrect because delaying the administration of HBIG and the hepatitis B vaccine until 1 week after birth would leave the newborn vulnerable to hepatitis B infection. The recommended schedule is to administer these within 12 hours of birth.
Choice D reason:
This choice is incorrect because the hepatitis B vaccine is not given monthly. The typical schedule for the hepatitis B vaccine is the first dose at birth, the second dose at 1-2 months of age, and the third dose at 6 months of age. Additionally, the vaccine is not administered based on the newborn's hepatitis B surface antigen status.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Blunt force trauma, such as from a car accident or a fall, can indeed cause placental abruption, but it is not the most common risk factor. Trauma can lead to the placenta detaching from the uterine wall, but such events are less frequent compared to other risk factors.
Choice B reason: Cigarette smoking is associated with a variety of pregnancy complications, including placental abruption. However, while smoking does increase the risk, it is not considered the most common risk factor when compared to hypertension.
Choice C reason: Hypertension is the most common risk factor for placental abruption. High blood pressure can damage the blood vessels in the uterus, leading to the placenta detaching prematurely.
Choice D reason: Cocaine use during pregnancy can lead to placental abruption because it causes the blood vessels to constrict, which can reduce blood flow to the placenta and cause detachment. While it is a significant risk factor, it is less common than hypertension in the general population.
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