A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the adverse eﬀects of medications. The nurse should include that which of the following medications can cause constipation?

Cisapride

Magnesium-containing antacids

Opioid analgesics

Statins

Anticholinergic/antispasmodic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Cisapride is a prokinetic agent that increases gastrointestinal motility and is unlikely to cause constipation.

Choice B reason: Magnesium-containing antacids typically cause diarrhea rather than constipation.

Choice C reason: Opioid analgesics are known to slow gastrointestinal motility, which can lead to constipation, making this the correct answer.

Choice D reason: Statins are used to lower cholesterol and are not commonly associated with causing constipation.

Choice E reason: Anticholinergic/antispasmodic medications can cause constipation due to their action on the nervous system, which reduces muscle contractions in the gastrointestinal tract.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Decreased pedal pulses could indicate a vascular issue but are not specific to DVT.

Choice B reason: Unilateral leg edema, especially when it is sudden, can be a sign of DVT and is the most indicative of the choices provided.

Choice C reason: Ecchymosis, or bruising, on the foot and ankle can be caused by many factors and is not specific to DVT.

Choice D reason: Coolness of the skin can be a sign of poor circulation but is not specific to DVT.

A. Increase the patient's oral ﬂuid intake. B. Raise the head of the bed. C. Initiate humidified oxygen therapy. D. Encourage the patient to cough and deep breathe.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is choice B. Raise the head of the bed.

Choice A rationale:

Increasing the patient’s oral fluid intake is important for hydration and thinning secretions, but it is not the immediate priority when oxygen saturation is critically low.

Choice B rationale:

Raising the head of the bed helps improve lung expansion and facilitates easier breathing, which can quickly improve oxygen saturation levels. This is a critical first step in managing low oxygen saturation.

Choice C rationale:

Initiating humidified oxygen therapy is essential for improving oxygenation, but it should follow the immediate action of raising the head of the bed to optimize breathing.

Choice D rationale:

Encouraging the patient to cough and deep breathe is beneficial for clearing secretions and improving lung function, but it is not the first action to take when oxygen saturation is critically low.

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A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the adverse eﬀects of medications. The nurse should include that which of the following medications can cause constipation?

Nursing Test Bank

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