A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about ethical principles. Which of the following is an example of autonomy?

Choice A rationale
While the type of work a person does can potentially expose them to risk factors for Parkinson’s disease (such as pesticides or heavy metals), it is not the most important question to ask a newly diagnosed patient. Occupational exposure is only one of many potential risk factors for Parkinson’s disease.
Choice B rationale

Family history is a significant risk factor for Parkinson’s disease. A person with a close relative (such as a parent or sibling) who has Parkinson’s disease is at a higher risk of developing the disease themselves. Therefore, asking about family history can provide important information about the patient’s risk profile.
Choice C rationale
While some studies have suggested that caffeine intake may be associated with a lower risk of Parkinson’s disease, the evidence is not conclusive. Therefore, asking about coffee consumption is not the most important question when assessing a newly diagnosed patient.
Choice D rationale
While regular physical check-ups are important for overall health, asking about the timing of the last physical is not the most important question for a newly diagnosed Parkinson’s patient. The focus should be on understanding the patient’s symptoms, family history, and potential exposure to known risk factors for Parkinson’s disease.

Choice A rationale
Vision loss and depression are not typically symptoms of a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Vision loss could be a symptom of a more severe TBI or other neurological conditions.
Depression, while it can occur following a TBI, is not a direct symptom of the injury itself but rather a common psychological reaction to the changes and challenges that a person may face following the injury.
Choice B rationale

Seizures and weakness in the extremities can be symptoms of a TBI, but they are more commonly associated with moderate to severe TBIs. Mild TBIs do not typically cause seizures or weakness in the extremities.
Choice C rationale
Persistent headache can be a symptom of a mild TBI. However, aggressive behavior, while it can occur following a TBI, is not a direct symptom of the injury itself but rather a possible psychological reaction to the changes and challenges that a person may face following the injury.
Choice D rationale
Headache and confusion are common symptoms of a mild TBI. After a mild TBI, individuals may experience a headache or a feeling of pressure in the head. They may also experience confusion or feel as if in a fog.