A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about ethical principles. Which of the following is an example of autonomy?
A nurse provides nonpharmacological pain interventions to each client equally.
A nurse fulfills a promise to a client that they will return with their pain medication.
A nurse administers a scheduled pain medication for a client who is having pain.
A nurse gives a client the choice of when to take a pain medication.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Providing nonpharmacological pain interventions to each client equally is an example of justice, not autonomy. Justice in healthcare refers to treating all patients fairly and equitably.
Choice B rationale
Fulfilling a promise to a client that they will return with their pain medication is an example of fidelity, not autonomy. Fidelity refers to being faithful to commitments and promises.
Choice C rationale
Administering a scheduled pain medication for a client who is having pain is an example of beneficence, not autonomy. Beneficence refers to taking actions that are of benefit to the patient.
Choice D rationale
Giving a client the choice of when to take a pain medication is an example of autonomy. Autonomy in healthcare refers to the patient’s right to make decisions about their own care.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While improved rehabilitation outcomes and temporary behavior changes can occur after a neurological injury, they are not typically considered psychosocial changes. Psychosocial changes often involve alterations in the way individuals perceive, interact with, and navigate their social environments.
Choice B rationale
Improved mood stability and temper control are not typically associated with the aftermath of a neurological injury. In fact, individuals may experience mood swings, irritability, and difficulties with emotional regulation.
Choice C rationale
Changes to social cognition and challenges to inhibitory control are indeed possible psychosocial changes a client might have after sustaining a neurological injury. Social cognition involves understanding and interpreting social cues, which can be affected by brain injury.
Challenges to inhibitory control can lead to impulsive behavior and difficulties in social situations.
Choice D rationale
While a sense of purpose, improved motivation, and stable relationships can be part of a successful recovery process, they are not typically direct outcomes of a neurological injury. In
fact, relationships may be strained and motivation can be affected due to the physical and emotional challenges associated with such an injury.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Age is a non-modifiable risk factor for stroke. As people age, their risk of stroke increases. However, this is not something that can be changed or controlled.
Choice B rationale
Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder that can increase the risk of stroke, particularly in children. However, it is not a modifiable risk factor because it is determined by the person’s genes.
Choice C rationale
Having a parent with cardiovascular disease can increase a person’s risk of stroke. However, this is a non-modifiable risk factor because it is determined by genetics.
Choice D rationale
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a major modifiable risk factor for stroke. It can be controlled through lifestyle changes and medication.
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