A nurse is caring for a client who has degenerative disc disease.
Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse understand might develop with this condition? (Select All that Apply)

Hyponatremia

Paresthesia

Foot drop

Intermittent pain

Hyperreflexia

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D

Choice A rationale
Hyponatremia, or low sodium levels, is not typically a symptom of degenerative disc disease. It can be caused by a variety of conditions, but it is not directly linked to degenerative disc disease.
Choice B rationale
Paresthesia, or abnormal sensations such as tingling or prickling, can develop with degenerative disc disease. This is due to the fact that degenerative changes can lead to nerve compression, which can cause these sensations.
Choice C rationale
Foot drop, a gait abnormality, can be a symptom of degenerative disc disease. It can occur if the disease process affects the nerves that control the muscles involved in lifting the foot.
Choice D rationale
Intermittent pain is a common symptom of degenerative disc disease. The pain can vary in intensity and may be worse with certain activities or positions.
Choice E rationale
Hyperreflexia, or overactive reflexes, is not typically a symptom of degenerative disc disease. It is more commonly associated with conditions that affect the upper motor neurons.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Providing nonpharmacological pain interventions to each client equally is an example of justice, not autonomy. Justice in healthcare refers to treating all patients fairly and equitably.
Choice B rationale
Fulfilling a promise to a client that they will return with their pain medication is an example of fidelity, not autonomy. Fidelity refers to being faithful to commitments and promises.
Choice C rationale
Administering a scheduled pain medication for a client who is having pain is an example of beneficence, not autonomy. Beneficence refers to taking actions that are of benefit to the patient.
Choice D rationale
Giving a client the choice of when to take a pain medication is an example of autonomy. Autonomy in healthcare refers to the patient’s right to make decisions about their own care.

A. Disruption of cellular function and blood vessel damage B. Damage to brain tissue from decreased pressure shock waves C. Increased blood supply and edema to the area of injury D. Increased synaptic connections from pressure .

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
A traumatic brain injury (TBI) can indeed disrupt cellular function and cause blood vessel damage. This can lead to a range of potential effects, from temporary changes in brain function to long-term complications or even death.
Choice B rationale
Damage to brain tissue from decreased pressure shock waves is not typically associated with TBI. This type of injury is more commonly associated with blast injuries, such as those caused by explosions.
Choice C rationale
While increased blood supply and edema (swelling) can occur in the area of a brain injury, they are typically responses to the injury rather than direct consequences of the TBI itself. These processes can contribute to further damage and complications.
Choice D rationale
A TBI does not typically lead to increased synaptic connections. In fact, the injury can cause loss of neurons and synapses, which can lead to long-term cognitive and functional impairments.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has degenerative disc disease. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse understand might develop with this condition? (Select All that Apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about ethical principles. Which of the following is an example of autonomy?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Which of the following should the nurse understand is a possible consequence of a TBI?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client who has degenerative disc disease.
Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse understand might develop with this condition? (Select All that Apply)