A nurse is teaching a client who is taking medication before bedtime. The nurse should include the following instructions:
Do not take the medication before bedtime.
Take the medication with a full glass of water.
This medication must be taken on an empty stomach.
Expect abdominal pain with this medication.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason:
“Do not take the medication before bedtime” is incorrect because the timing of medication administration depends on the specific medication and its intended effects. Some medications are specifically prescribed to be taken at bedtime to help with sleep or to reduce side effects that might occur during the day.
Choice B Reason:
“Take the medication with a full glass of water” is correct because many medications require adequate hydration to ensure proper absorption and to prevent irritation of the esophagus and stomach. Taking medication with a full glass of water helps to ensure that the medication reaches the stomach quickly and reduces the risk of esophageal irritation or damage.
Choice C Reason:
“This medication must be taken on an empty stomach” is incorrect unless the specific medication requires it. Some medications are better absorbed on an empty stomach, but this is not a universal rule and depends on the medication’s formulation and intended use.
Choice D Reason:
“Expect abdominal pain with this medication” is incorrect because not all medications cause abdominal pain. If a medication is known to cause abdominal pain, the nurse should provide additional instructions on how to manage this side effect or discuss alternative medications with the healthcare provider.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Retrieving the blood from the laboratory and running each unit at an 8-hour rate is not appropriate. According to transfusion guidelines, blood products should be infused within 4 hours to prevent bacterial growth and reduce the risk of transfusion-related complications1. Infusing blood over 8 hours increases the risk of these complications.
Choice B Reason:
Notifying the laboratory to split the unit into 2 and then infusing each half for 4 hours is also not ideal. While this approach might seem to address the time constraint, it is not a standard practice and could lead to issues with blood product integrity and patient safety2. Blood products are typically not split unless there are specific protocols in place, and this is not a common intervention for managing infusion rates.
Choice C Reason:
Calling the HCP to question the order is the correct intervention. Blood transfusions must be completed within 4 hours to ensure patient safety and maintain the integrity of the blood product3. The nurse should advocate for the patient by questioning any orders that do not align with established guidelines and best practices.
Choice D Reason:
Infusing each unit for 8 hours is incorrect. The maximum duration for infusing a unit of blood is 4 hours4. Extending the infusion time beyond this limit increases the risk of complications such as bacterial contamination and reduced efficacy of the blood product.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Atelectasis is a common postoperative complication, especially in patients who have undergone abdominal or thoracic surgery. It occurs when the alveoli in the lungs collapse, leading to reduced or absent breath sounds in the affected areas. This condition can result from shallow breathing, pain, or immobility after surgery. The absence of breath sounds in the bases of the lungs is a key indicator of atelectasis. Preventive measures include encouraging deep breathing exercises, using incentive spirometry, and early mobilization of the patient.
Choice B Reason:
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a serious condition where a blood clot travels to the lungs, causing a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries. While PE can present with symptoms such as sudden shortness of breath, chest pain, and rapid heart rate, it is less likely to cause absent breath sounds in the lung bases. Instead, PE may lead to decreased oxygen levels and respiratory distress. Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies such as a CT pulmonary angiography.
Choice C Reason:
Arterial thrombus refers to a blood clot that forms in an artery, which can lead to tissue ischemia and infarction. This condition is more commonly associated with cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction or stroke. It does not typically present with absent breath sounds in the lungs. Instead, symptoms may include pain, pallor, and loss of function in the affected area. Diagnosis and treatment focus on restoring blood flow to the affected tissues.
Choice D Reason:
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that can cause symptoms such as cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. While pneumonia can lead to abnormal breath sounds, such as crackles or wheezes, it is less likely to cause completely absent breath sounds in the lung bases. Pneumonia is usually diagnosed through clinical examination, chest X-rays, and sputum cultures. Treatment involves antibiotics and supportive care to manage symptoms.
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