A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis and is to start medication therapy with isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
"Expect your sputum cultures to be negative after 6 months of therapy."
"Drink at least 8 ounces of water when you take the pyrazinamide tablet."
"Provide a sputum specimen every 2 weeks to the clinic for testing."
"Take isoniazid with an antacid."
The Correct Answer is B
Answer: B
Rationale:
A) "Expect your sputum cultures to be negative after 6 months of therapy":
While sputum cultures may become negative after a period of effective therapy, it is not always guaranteed to happen within exactly 6 months. Tuberculosis (TB) treatment usually involves several months of medication, and sputum cultures are monitored periodically to assess treatment efficacy, not solely at the 6-month mark.
B) "Drink at least 8 ounces of water when you take the pyrazinamide tablet":
Drinking plenty of water with pyrazinamide is important to prevent dehydration and to help minimize potential side effects, such as hyperuricemia or gout. Adequate hydration can also aid in the effective elimination of the medication from the body, thus reducing the risk of adverse effects.
C) "Provide a sputum specimen every 2 weeks to the clinic for testing":
Sputum specimens are typically provided less frequently than every 2 weeks, usually monthly, to monitor the progress of TB treatment. Testing frequency may vary depending on the client's condition and the healthcare provider's recommendations.
D) "Take isoniazid with an antacid":
Isoniazid should not be taken with antacids, as antacids can interfere with the absorption of isoniazid. It is usually advised to take isoniazid on an empty stomach, and clients should be instructed to wait at least 1 hour after taking isoniazid before consuming antacids.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Performing the procedure independently is the best indicator of the partner's readiness for the client's discharge, as it demonstrates competence and confidence in suctioning. Suctioning is a skill that requires practice and supervision until mastery is achieved. The nurse should observe and evaluate the partner's performance of suctioning and provide feedback and reinforcement as needed.
b) Attending a class given about tracheostomy care is a good action by the partner, but not the best indicator of readiness for the client's discharge. Attending a class can provide information and education about tracheostomy care, but it does not necessarily translate into skill acquisition or application. The nurse should assess the partner's understanding and retention of the information and provide additional teaching or clarification as needed.
c) Verbalizing all steps in the procedure is a good action by the partner, but not the best indicator of readiness for the client's discharge. Verbalizing all steps in the procedure can help the partner remember and follow the correct sequence and technique of suctioning, but it does not necessarily reflect actual performance or ability. The nurse should observe and verify that the partner is doing what they are saying and correct any errors or omissions as needed.
d) Asking appropriate questions about suctioning is a good action by the partner, but not the best indicator of readiness for the client's discharge. Asking appropriate questions about suctioning can show interest and involvement in learning and caring for the client, but it does not necessarily indicate competence or confidence in suctioning. The nurse should answer the partner's questions and provide additional resources or referrals as needed.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Montelukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist that prevents inflammation and bronchoconstriction in asthma. It is taken once daily in the evening to prevent nocturnal symptoms and improve morning lung function.
- "I rinse my mouth after taking this medication." This is not necessary, as montelukast is not associated with oral thrush or dysgeusia, unlike some inhaled corticosteroids.
- "I use a spacer device when I inhale this medication." This is not applicable, as montelukast is not an inhaler, but a tablet or chewable form.
- "I take this medication when I get an asthma attack." This is not appropriate, as montelukast is not a rescue medication, but a maintenance medication that should be taken regularly to prevent asthma exacerbations. A short-acting beta2 agonist such as albuterol should be used for acute relief of symptoms.
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