A nurse is teaching a client who has asthma about how to use a metered-dose inhaler with a spacer. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching?
"The spacer should make a whistling sound as you inhale."
"Hold your breath for 10 seconds once you inhale."
"Clean the spacer daily with cold water."
"Wait 30 seconds between puffs."
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: The statement that "the spacer should make a whistling sound as you inhale" is not accurate. A whistling sound from the spacer may indicate that the air is being inhaled too quickly and that the user needs to slow down. The purpose of the spacer is to hold the medication released from the inhaler so that it can be inhaled more easily and effectively into the lungs, not to produce a whistling sound.
Choice B reason: Holding one's breath for 10 seconds after inhaling the medication allows for better deposition of the medication in the lungs. This pause gives the medication time to settle in the airways rather than being exhaled too quickly. It is a recommended practice to maximize the effectiveness of the inhaled medication.
Choice C reason: Cleaning the spacer is important to ensure that it works correctly and is free of any residue or debris that could obstruct the medication's path. However, the instruction to "clean the spacer daily with cold water" is incomplete. After rinsing with cold water, the spacer should be left to air dry without rinsing or wiping, as this can create static that affects medication delivery.
Choice D reason: Waiting 30 seconds between puffs is recommended to allow the user to breathe normally for a short period and to prepare for the next dose of medication. This time interval helps to ensure that the second puff is not rushed and that the medication from the first puff has had time to act.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Taking two tablets PO every 15 minutes is not the standard protocol for nitroglycerin administration for chest pain. This method could lead to an overdose and significant hypotension (low blood pressure), which can be dangerous.
Choice B reason: One tablet SL every 15 minutes, up to 5 times, is also not the standard protocol. While sublingual administration is correct, the frequency and the total number of doses are higher than recommended, which could result in adverse effects such as headache, dizziness, or a severe drop in blood pressure.
Choice C reason: One tablet PO every one hour, up to 5 times, is not a recommended method for acute chest pain relief from angina. Oral administration does not provide the rapid onset of action required for acute angina relief.
Choice D reason: One tablet SL every 5 minutes, up to 3 times, is the correct protocol for nitroglycerin administration when experiencing chest pain due to angina. If pain persists after the first dose, the patient can take a second dose after 5 minutes, and if needed, a third dose after another 5 minutes. If chest pain continues after three doses in 15 minutes, emergency medical help should be sought immediately.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Applying antibiotic ointment to the lesions is not recommended for the treatment of genital herpes, which is caused by a virus, not bacteria. Antiviral medications are the appropriate treatment for managing herpes outbreaks.
Choice B reason: Natural skin condoms are not effective in preventing the transmission of genital herpes because the virus can pass through the natural membrane. The use of latex or polyurethane condoms is recommended as they are more effective in reducing the risk of transmission.
Choice C reason: Expecting lesions to resolve in 6 weeks may not be accurate as the duration of a herpes outbreak can vary. Most herpes lesions tend to resolve within 2 to 4 weeks. However, the virus remains in the body and can cause recurrent outbreaks.
Choice D reason: The duration of medication for genital herpes depends on whether the treatment is for an initial outbreak, chronic suppression, or episodic therapy. For an initial outbreak, antiviral medication is typically taken for 7 to 10 days. For chronic suppression, medication might be taken daily for an extended period to prevent or reduce the frequency of outbreaks.
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