A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for tetracycline.
Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
You should take this medication with milk.
You should take this medication at bedtime.
Light sensitivity is an adverse effect of this medication.
Constipation is an adverse effect of this medication.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Tetracycline binds to divalent and trivalent cations such as calcium, magnesium, and aluminum. Milk and dairy products are rich in calcium, so taking tetracycline with milk significantly reduces its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, rendering the medication less effective. The drug should be taken on an empty stomach with a full glass of water.
Choice B rationale
Taking tetracycline at bedtime is not a recommended practice for this drug. Although some medications are taken at night to avoid side effects or promote sleep, tetracycline can cause gastroesophageal reflux or esophagitis, particularly when a person lies down soon after ingestion. It is important to remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication.
Choice C rationale
Photosensitivity is a well-documented adverse effect of tetracycline. The drug sensitizes the skin to ultraviolet light, leading to an exaggerated sunburn reaction. This is due to the drug's accumulation in the skin and its ability to absorb light energy. Clients must be advised to use sunscreen, wear protective clothing, and avoid prolonged sun exposure.
Choice D rationale
Tetracycline is known to cause gastrointestinal side effects, but diarrhea is far more common than constipation. This is often due to the disruption of the normal gut flora, which can lead to opportunistic infections like Clostridium difficile. While not exclusively causing diarrhea, constipation is not a typical adverse effect and should not be the primary teaching point. *.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Metformin extended-release tablets are designed with a special matrix that releases the medication gradually over time. Crushing or chewing the tablet would destroy this matrix, leading to an immediate and potentially unsafe release of the entire dose. This could cause a sudden drop in blood glucose and increase the risk of adverse gastrointestinal side effects.
Choice B rationale
Metformin is typically recommended to be taken with the evening meal to minimize gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and diarrhea, which are common when starting the medication. Taking it in the morning on an empty stomach could increase the severity of these adverse effects due to the rapid concentration increase in the gastrointestinal tract.
Choice C rationale
Metformin is not associated with weight gain; in fact, it is often associated with a small amount of weight loss. This is due to its effect on reducing appetite and its ability to improve insulin sensitivity, which can help regulate metabolism and prevent the weight gain often seen with other diabetes medications.
Choice D rationale
Metformin is best taken with a meal to enhance its absorption and to mitigate common gastrointestinal side effects. Taking it on an empty stomach can increase the likelihood and severity of adverse effects like nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea because the medication can directly irritate the gastrointestinal mucosa
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This 12-year-old child with cystic fibrosis and difficulty clearing secretions is the priority. Cystic fibrosis causes thick mucus to accumulate in the lungs, leading to airway obstruction. Inability to clear these secretions indicates a potential acute respiratory crisis, which can rapidly progress to respiratory failure. This is a life-threatening airway and breathing emergency requiring immediate assessment and intervention to prevent respiratory compromise.
Choice B rationale
A 3-year-old with an atrial septal defect and a heart rate of 120/min is a non-acute finding. A heart rate of 120/min is within the normal range for a toddler (90-140/min) and is a common physiological response in a child with a heart defect to maintain cardiac output. This child is stable and does not present with an immediate life-threatening condition.
Choice C rationale
A 2-year-old with diarrhea and abdominal pain is a non-acute finding. While these symptoms require attention, they are common in toddlers and do not typically represent an immediate life-threatening emergency unless accompanied by signs of severe dehydration or septic shock. Other children with respiratory issues take priority due to the higher potential for rapid decompensation.
Choice D rationale
A 5-year-old with type 1 diabetes mellitus and a blood sugar of 150 mg/dL is stable. A blood sugar of 150 mg/dL is within a safe, controlled range for a child with type 1 diabetes, which is typically 80-180 mg/dL. This child does not require immediate intervention as their blood glucose is not indicative of hypo- or hyperglycemia crises. .
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