A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for aluminum hydroxide to treat heartburn. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for and report which of the following adverse reactions?

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Polydipsia is excessive thirst, which is a symptom of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), not hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). People with hyperglycemia lose fluid through frequent urination and become dehydrated, which makes them thirsty.

Choice B reason: This is correct. Shaking is a common sign of hypoglycemia. It occurs because the body releases adrenaline and other hormones to raise blood sugar levels. Adrenaline causes the muscles to tremble or shake.

Choice C reason: This is correct. Confusion is another common sign of hypoglycemia. It occurs because the brain does not get enough glucose, which is its main source of energy. Low blood sugar can impair cognitive functions, such as memory, attention, and judgment.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Tachycardia is a rapid heart rate, which can be a symptom of both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. However, it is not a specific or reliable indicator of low blood sugar, as it can also be caused by other factors, such as stress, anxiety, caffeine, or medication.

Choice E reason: This is incorrect. Polyuria is excessive urination, which is another symptom of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia. People with hyperglycemia have high levels of glucose in their blood, which draws water from the cells and increases urine output.

Choice A reason: This is correct. Constipation is a common side effect of aluminum hydroxide, as it reduces the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. The nurse should advise the client to report this symptom and to increase their fluid and fiber intake to prevent it.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Flatulence is not a common side effect of aluminum hydroxide. It may be caused by other factors, such as diet, swallowing air, or bacterial overgrowth in the intestines.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Headache is not a common side effect of aluminum hydroxide. It may be caused by other factors, such as stress, dehydration, or caffeine withdrawal.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Palpitations are not a common side effect of aluminum hydroxide. They may be caused by other factors, such as anxiety, heart problems, or medication interactions.