A nurse is teaching a client about using a PCA device for postoperative pain management. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

A. Chronic drainage of fluid through the incision site:
While chronic drainage of fluid through the incision site can be a sign of wound complications, such as infection or poor wound healing, it is not as specific an indicator of impending wound dehiscence as the patient's report of "something giving way."

B. Report by patient that something has given way:
A patient reporting that something has given way is a significant indicator of potential wound dehiscence. Wound dehiscence refers to the partial or complete separation of the layers of a surgical wound, which can occur due to various factors such as poor wound healing, infection, or increased intra-abdominal pressure. Patients may describe a sensation of "something giving way" or "popping" if the wound starts to separate.

C. Drainage that is odorous and purulent:
Odorous and purulent drainage from an incision site may indicate an infection, which can contribute to wound dehiscence. However, this finding alone may not necessarily indicate immediate wound dehiscence.

D. Protrusion of visceral organs through a wound opening:
Protrusion of visceral organs through a wound opening is a severe complication known as evisceration, which is the most advanced stage of wound dehiscence. While this finding is indicative of a significant wound complication, it typically occurs after the initial separation of wound layers. Therefore, it is not an early sign that would alert the nurse to potential wound dehiscence

Answer: A, C, D, E

Rationale:

A) Yoga: Yoga is an effective nonpharmacological therapy that combines physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation, which can help reduce stress, improve flexibility, and enhance mental focus.

B) Electromagnetic therapy: Electromagnetic therapy is typically used for pain management or to promote wound healing rather than stress reduction. It is not commonly included in stress management techniques.

C) Meditation: Meditation focuses on mindful breathing and awareness, which can significantly reduce stress by calming the mind and improving emotional resilience. It’s widely used to help manage stress and anxiety.

D) Acupuncture: Acupuncture involves the insertion of needles at specific body points and is believed to release endorphins and balance energy flow, which can reduce stress and promote relaxation.

E) Biofeedback: Biofeedback teaches clients to control physiological responses like heart rate and muscle tension, helping them manage stress and anxiety effectively through self-regulation techniques.