A nurse assesses four patients. Which patient has greatest risk for hypomagnesemia?
a 41-year-old with hypernatremia
a 72-year-old with chronic alcoholism
a 79-year-old with bone cancer
a 46-year-old with respiratory acidosis
The Correct Answer is B
A) 41-year-old with hypernatremia:
Hypernatremia refers to elevated levels of sodium in the blood. While hypernatremia can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, it does not directly correlate with an increased risk of hypomagnesemia.
B) 72-year-old with chronic alcoholism:
Chronic alcoholism is a significant risk factor for hypomagnesemia. Alcohol abuse can lead to poor dietary intake of magnesium, increased renal excretion of magnesium, and impaired absorption of magnesium in the gastrointestinal tract, all contributing to magnesium deficiency.
C) 79-year-old with bone cancer:
Bone cancer does not inherently increase the risk of hypomagnesemia. However, depending on the treatment modalities and disease progression, the client may be at risk for other electrolyte imbalances or complications associated with bone cancer.
D) 46-year-old with respiratory acidosis:
Respiratory acidosis refers to an acid-base imbalance characterized by elevated levels of carbon dioxide in the blood due to impaired ventilation. While respiratory acidosis can lead to electrolyte imbalances, particularly potassium imbalances, it is not directly linked to hypomagnesemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","E"]
Explanation
A) Codeine:
Codeine is an opioid analgesic and is not classified as a nonopioid analgesic.
B) Ibuprofen:
Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and is considered a nonopioid analgesic. It works by reducing inflammation and pain without producing the same addictive effects as opioids.
C) Fentanyl:
Fentanyl is a potent opioid analgesic and is not classified as a nonopioid analgesic.
D) Oxycodone:
Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic and is not classified as a nonopioid analgesic.
E) Acetaminophen:
Acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol, is a nonopioid analgesic commonly used to relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce fever. It is not classified as an opioid and does not produce the same addictive effects.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) The client reports numbness at the site: Numbness at the insertion site is not a typical finding of infection. It may indicate nerve damage or another issue but is not specific to infection.
B) Purulent drainage noted from the site: Purulent drainage, characterized by pus-like discharge, is a common sign of infection at the insertion site of an intravenous catheter. It suggests the presence of bacteria and inflammation at the site.
C) Skin over the site is sloughing: Sloughing of the skin may occur with severe tissue damage but is not specific to infection. It could indicate other complications such as tissue necrosis or chemical irritation.
D) The vein appears cord-like: A cord-like appearance of the vein, known as thrombophlebitis, can occur with or without infection. It indicates inflammation and clot formation within the vein, which can be a complication of intravenous catheter insertion, but it does not specifically indicate infection.
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