A nurse is teaching a class about physiological changes to hearing in older adult clients. Which of the following should the nurse include?

Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because rotating nursing staff may not provide emotional support for the client who is rehabilitating from major burns. The client may benefit from having consistent and familiar staff who can establish rapport and trust with him. The nurse should assign staff who are experienced and comfortable with burn care and who can communicate effectively and empathetically with the client.

Choice B Reason: This is incorrect because keeping family members aware of his condition may not provide emotional support for the client who is rehabilitating from major burns. The client may have privacy or confidentiality concerns or may not want his family members to see him in his current state. The nurse should respect the client's wishes and preferences regarding family involvement and obtain his consent before sharing any information.

Choice C Reason: This is correct because talking with the client during wound care can provide emotional support for the client who is rehabilitating from major burns. Wound care can be painful and stressful for the client, so the nurse should use therapeutic communication skills to distract, reassure, and encourage him. The nurse should also explain the procedures and rationale for wound care and allow the client to express his feelings and concerns.

Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because assigning assistive personnel to keep his room neat and clean may not provide emotional support for the client who is rehabilitating from major burns. The client may appreciate a clean environment, but he may also need more direct and personal contact with the nurse. The nurse should spend time with the client and provide holistic care that addresses his physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs.

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because loss of peripheral vision is not a manifestation of cataracts, but of glaucoma. Glaucoma is a condition that causes increased pressure inside the eye and damage to the optic nerve, which can lead to loss of vision in the outer edges of the visual field. The nurse should assess the client's intraocular pressure and visual field test results to rule out glaucoma.
Choice B reason: This is correct because a decreased ability to perceive colors is a manifestation of cataracts. Cataracts are a condition that causes clouding or opacity of the lens, which is the transparent structure behind the pupil that focuses light onto the retina. Cataracts can reduce the clarity and contrast of vision and make colors appear faded or yellowish. The nurse should ask the client about any changes in color perception or brightness of objects.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because loss of central vision is not a manifestation of cataracts but of macular degeneration. Macular degeneration is a condition that affects the macula, which is the central part of the retina that is responsible for sharp and detailed vision. Macular degeneration can cause blurred or distorted central vision, difficulty reading or recognizing faces, or dark spots in the visual field. The nurse should assess the client's visual acuity and fundoscopic examination results to rule out macular degeneration.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because seeing bright flashes of light and floaters is not a manifestation of cataracts but of retinal detachment. Retinal detachment is a condition that occurs when the retina, which is the layer of tissue at the back of the eye that converts light into nerve impulses, separates from its underlying support tissue. Retinal detachment can cause sudden flashes of light, floaters, or shadows in the visual field. The nurse should refer the client to an ophthalmologist immediately if retinal detachment is suspected.