A nurse is teaching a class about administering IV fluids to treat dehydration. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following laboratory values indicates effective treatment of dehydration?
Urine specific gravity 1.020
BUN 28 mg/dl
Serum hematocrit 55%
Serum osmolarity 310 mOsm
The Correct Answer is D
A. Urine specific gravity 1.020: While this value indicates concentrated urine and can be useful in assessing dehydration, it doesn’t specifically confirm effective treatment. High urine specific gravity suggests dehydration because the kidneys are conserving water, but it doesn’t directly confirm the effectiveness of treatment.
B. BUN 28 mg/dl (Blood Urea Nitrogen): Elevated BUN levels can be seen in dehydration, but it's not a direct marker of effective treatment. It indicates dehydration due to increased urea concentration in the blood but doesn’t confirm if the treatment has been effective or not.
C. Serum hematocrit 55%: In dehydration, the blood becomes more concentrated due to water loss, causing an increase in hematocrit levels. However, while this value might indicate dehydration initially, it may not specifically confirm the effectiveness of treatment once initiated.
D. Serum osmolarity 310 mOsm: Serum osmolarity measures the concentration of particles in the blood. In dehydration, the blood becomes more concentrated, leading to increased serum osmolarity. When treatment is effective, rehydration occurs, diluting the blood and bringing serum osmolarity back toward normal levels. Therefore, a decrease in serum osmolarity towards the normal range (280-300 mOsm) would indicate effective treatment of dehydration
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Thready pulse:
A thready pulse is more indicative of fluid volume deficit or inadequate cardiac output, not fluid volume excess.
B. Decreased bowel sounds:
Decreased bowel sounds are not a specific sign of fluid volume excess. They may be associated with various gastrointestinal issues but are not directly related to fluid volume status.
C. Bilateral muscle weakness:
Bilateral muscle weakness is not a specific manifestation of fluid volume excess. It may be associated with electrolyte imbalances or other neuromuscular issues.
D. Distended neck veins:
This is the correct answer. Distended neck veins are a classic sign of fluid volume excess or overload. Increased venous pressure from excess fluid can lead to distension of the jugular veins in the neck. This finding is often seen in conditions such as heart failure or renal failure where there is an inability to adequately excrete or distribute fluids.
Correct Answer is B, D, C, A
Explanation
A. Inject air into the NPH insulin vial: Start by injecting air into the NPH insulin vial. This step prevents creating a vacuum in the vial, making it easier to withdraw the correct dose of insulin.
B. Inject air into the regular insulin vial: After injecting air into the NPH insulin vial, inject air into the regular insulin vial. This step equalizes the pressure within the vial and makes it easier to withdraw the insulin.
C. Withdraw the regular insulin from the vial: Once the air has been injected into the regular insulin vial, withdraw the required dose of regular insulin from the vial.
D. Withdraw the NPH insulin from the vial: After withdrawing the regular insulin, withdraw the required dose of NPH insulin from its vial.
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