A nurse is talking with a client who is about to start taking nitroglycerin oral, sustained-release capsules. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Take the medication with meals.
Swallow the capsules whole.
Stop taking the medication if you develop headaches.
Take 1 capsule at the onset of anginal pain.
The Correct Answer is B
A) Take the medication with meals:
Nitroglycerin oral, sustained-release capsules should be taken on an empty stomach to enhance absorption. Taking them with meals may delay or alter the absorption rate, potentially affecting the medication's effectiveness.
B) Swallow the capsules whole:
Nitroglycerin sustained-release capsules should be swallowed whole without crushing or chewing. Breaking or crushing the capsules can lead to rapid release of the medication, which may cause adverse effects such as sudden drops in blood pressure or headaches.
C) Stop taking the medication if you develop headaches:
Headaches are a common side effect of nitroglycerin due to its vasodilatory effects. Clients are often advised to continue taking the medication as prescribed and inform their healthcare provider about persistent or severe headaches.
D) Take 1 capsule at the onset of anginal pain:
Nitroglycerin is typically used to relieve anginal pain when it occurs. However, sustained-release formulations are not intended for immediate relief of acute angina attacks. Fast-acting formulations like sublingual nitroglycerin tablets are used for acute pain relief.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Trazolam orally at bedtime:
Trazolam is a benzodiazepine used for insomnia and can cause daytime sedation. Clients should avoid hazardous activities, such as driving, while taking this medication due to the potential for impaired alertness and coordination.
B) Polyethylene glycol dissolved in 240 ml of water once daily:
Polyethylene glycol is a laxative used for bowel cleansing and maintenance. It does not typically cause daytime sedation or impair cognitive function, so avoiding hazardous activities is not necessary.
C) Adalimumab subcutaneously every 2 weeks:
Adalimumab is a biologic medication used to treat inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and does not typically cause sedation or impair cognitive function.
D) Ketoconazole orally once daily with food:
Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication that does not cause significant sedation or impair cognitive function. Hazardous activities are not typically restricted while taking this medication.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Serum calcium 10.5 mg/dL:
A serum calcium level of 10.5 mg/dL is within the normal range (8.5-10.5 mg/dL). Spironolactone does not typically affect calcium levels significantly.
B) Serum potassium 5.2 mEq/L:
An elevated serum potassium level (hyperkalemia) is a known adverse effect of spironolactone. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that inhibits aldosterone, leading to decreased potassium excretion and potential hyperkalemia, especially in clients with impaired renal function.
C) Serum chloride 99 mEq/L:
A serum chloride level of 99 mEq/L is within the normal range (96-106 mEq/L). Spironolactone does not typically affect chloride levels significantly.
D) Serum sodium 140 mEq/L:
A serum sodium level of 140 mEq/L is within the normal range (135-145 mEq/L). Spironolactone does not typically affect sodium levels significantly.
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