A nurse is talking with a client who is about to start taking nitroglycerin oral, sustained-release capsules. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Take the medication with meals.
Swallow the capsules whole.
Stop taking the medication if you develop headaches.
Take 1 capsule at the onset of anginal pain.
The Correct Answer is B
A) Take the medication with meals:
Nitroglycerin oral, sustained-release capsules should be taken on an empty stomach to enhance absorption. Taking them with meals may delay or alter the absorption rate, potentially affecting the medication's effectiveness.
B) Swallow the capsules whole:
Nitroglycerin sustained-release capsules should be swallowed whole without crushing or chewing. Breaking or crushing the capsules can lead to rapid release of the medication, which may cause adverse effects such as sudden drops in blood pressure or headaches.
C) Stop taking the medication if you develop headaches:
Headaches are a common side effect of nitroglycerin due to its vasodilatory effects. Clients are often advised to continue taking the medication as prescribed and inform their healthcare provider about persistent or severe headaches.
D) Take 1 capsule at the onset of anginal pain:
Nitroglycerin is typically used to relieve anginal pain when it occurs. However, sustained-release formulations are not intended for immediate relief of acute angina attacks. Fast-acting formulations like sublingual nitroglycerin tablets are used for acute pain relief.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Dyspnea:
Diphenhydramine primarily addresses allergic reactions such as urticaria (hives) rather than respiratory symptoms like dyspnea associated with blood transfusion reactions.
B) Fever:
The administration of diphenhydramine during blood transfusions is aimed at mitigating allergic reactions, particularly urticaria, rather than fever as a symptom.
C) Low-back pain:
Diphenhydramine is not indicated for preventing or managing low-back pain, which is not typically associated with allergic reactions to blood transfusions.
D) Urticaria:
Diphenhydramine is administered to prevent or reduce symptoms of allergic reactions, particularly urticaria (hives), which can occur during blood transfusions due to immune responses to transfused blood components.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Serum calcium 10.5 mg/dL:
A serum calcium level of 10.5 mg/dL is within the normal range (8.5-10.5 mg/dL). Spironolactone does not typically affect calcium levels significantly.
B) Serum potassium 5.2 mEq/L:
An elevated serum potassium level (hyperkalemia) is a known adverse effect of spironolactone. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that inhibits aldosterone, leading to decreased potassium excretion and potential hyperkalemia, especially in clients with impaired renal function.
C) Serum chloride 99 mEq/L:
A serum chloride level of 99 mEq/L is within the normal range (96-106 mEq/L). Spironolactone does not typically affect chloride levels significantly.
D) Serum sodium 140 mEq/L:
A serum sodium level of 140 mEq/L is within the normal range (135-145 mEq/L). Spironolactone does not typically affect sodium levels significantly.
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