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A nurse is reviewing treatment protocols for clients exposed to bioterrorism agents. For which of the following agents should the nurse plan to administer a vaccine following exposure?

A.

Anthrax

B.

Sarin

C.

Smallpox

D.

Botulism

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Anthrax: This is incorrect. While a vaccine is available for anthrax, it is generally administered as a pre-exposure prophylaxis, not as a treatment following exposure.
B. Sarin: This is incorrect. Sarin is a nerve agent for which there is no vaccine. Treatment focuses on immediate decontamination and administration of antidotes like atropine.
C. Smallpox: This is correct. A vaccine for smallpox is administered following exposure as a post-exposure prophylaxis, as smallpox is a virus for which immediate vaccination can help prevent the disease.
D. Botulism: This is incorrect. Botulism is treated with antitoxin rather than a vaccine. There is no post-exposure vaccine available for botulism.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): While PID can cause pelvic pain, it is not specifically indicative of endometriosis. Endometriosis is a distinct condition with its own set of symptoms.
B. Abdominal bloating starting several days before menses: This symptom can occur with endometriosis, but it is not as specific as other symptoms.
C. Dysmenorrhea that is unresponsive to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Endometriosis often presents with severe dysmenorrhea that does not respond well to NSAIDs. This is a classic symptom of endometriosis.
D. An atypical Papanicolaou (Pap) smear at her last clinic visit: An atypical Pap smear is more related to cervical abnormalities and is not a specific finding for endometriosis.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Administer pain medication: Pain management is not the primary intervention for exposure to anthrax; the focus should be on addressing the disease directly.
B. Administer antibiotic therapy: This is correct. Post-exposure prophylaxis with antibiotics is crucial in preventing the development of anthrax, especially after exposure to spores.
C. Administer an antiviral medication: This is incorrect. Anthrax is caused by bacteria, not viruses, so antiviral medications are not effective.
D. Administer an antitoxin: While antitoxins are used in treating symptomatic anthrax, the immediate and appropriate action for exposure is to start antibiotic therapy.

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