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A nurse is reviewing treatment protocols for clients exposed to bioterrorism agents. For which of the following agents should the nurse plan to administer a vaccine following exposure?

A.

Anthrax

B.

Sarin

C.

Smallpox

D.

Botulism

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Anthrax: This is incorrect. While a vaccine is available for anthrax, it is generally administered as a pre-exposure prophylaxis, not as a treatment following exposure.
B. Sarin: This is incorrect. Sarin is a nerve agent for which there is no vaccine. Treatment focuses on immediate decontamination and administration of antidotes like atropine.
C. Smallpox: This is correct. A vaccine for smallpox is administered following exposure as a post-exposure prophylaxis, as smallpox is a virus for which immediate vaccination can help prevent the disease.
D. Botulism: This is incorrect. Botulism is treated with antitoxin rather than a vaccine. There is no post-exposure vaccine available for botulism.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is ["56"]

Explanation

To calculate the infusion rate, we'll use the following formula:

Infusion rate (gtt/min) = (Volume to be infused (mL) / Time (min)) Drop factor (gtt/mL)

First, calculate the total time in minutes:

  • 3 hours 60 minutes/hour = 180 minutes

Then, calculate the volume per minute:

  • 500 mL / 180 minutes = 2.78 mL/min

Finally, multiply the volume per minute by the drop factor:

  • 2.78 mL/min 20 gtt/mL = 55.6 gtt/min

Therefore, the nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver 56 gtt/min.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Massage the legs: This is incorrect. Massage is contraindicated as it can cause further tissue damage and is not appropriate for frostbite.
B. Apply dry heat to the legs: This is incorrect. Dry heat can exacerbate tissue damage. Rewarming should be done using controlled, warm water immersion, not dry heat.
C. Elevate the legs: This is correct. Elevating the legs helps reduce swelling and can prevent further tissue damage. However, rewarming should be done carefully in a controlled environment.
D. Immerse the legs in cold water: This is incorrect. Immersing in cold water would worsen the frostbite. Rewarming should be done using warm (not hot) water, ideally at 37-39°C (98.6-102.2°F), for effective treatment.

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