A nurse is reviewing treatment protocols for clients exposed to bioterrorism agents. For which of the following agents should the nurse plan to administer a vaccine following exposure?
Anthrax
Sarin
Smallpox
Botulism
The Correct Answer is C
A. Anthrax: This is incorrect. While a vaccine is available for anthrax, it is generally administered as a pre-exposure prophylaxis, not as a treatment following exposure.
B. Sarin: This is incorrect. Sarin is a nerve agent for which there is no vaccine. Treatment focuses on immediate decontamination and administration of antidotes like atropine.
C. Smallpox: This is correct. A vaccine for smallpox is administered following exposure as a post-exposure prophylaxis, as smallpox is a virus for which immediate vaccination can help prevent the disease.
D. Botulism: This is incorrect. Botulism is treated with antitoxin rather than a vaccine. There is no post-exposure vaccine available for botulism.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Rub the skin completely dry following a decontamination shower: This is incorrect. The skin should be patted dry, not rubbed, to avoid further irritation.
B. Prepare to administer amyl nitrate: This is incorrect. Amyl nitrate is used for cyanide poisoning, not sarin gas exposure.
C. Provide respiratory support with a plastic airway: While respiratory support may be needed, the priority in sarin gas exposure involves addressing symptoms and potential seizures.
D. Initiate seizure precautions: Sarin gas is a nerve agent that can cause seizures due to its effect on the nervous system. Seizure precautions are necessary for clients exposed to sarin gas.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hormone therapy decreases the risk of cardiovascular events: This is incorrect. Hormone therapy can actually increase the risk of cardiovascular events, including heart disease and stroke.
B. Hormone therapy may prevent osteoporotic fractures: This is correct. Hormone therapy can help maintain bone density and reduce the risk of osteoporotic fractures in women undergoing menopause.
C. Hormone therapy should be taken in doses throughout the day: This is incorrect. Hormone therapy is usually taken in a single daily dose or as directed by a healthcare provider, not throughout the day.
D. If a dose is missed, then the next dose should be doubled: This is incorrect. Missing a dose of hormone therapy should be managed according to the provider's instructions, which typically do not involve doubling the next dose.
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