A nurse is caring for a client who is 5 hours postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The nurse notes that the client's indwelling urinary catheter has not drained in the past hour. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Choice A reason:

The statement about using a natural membrane condom rather than a polyurethane condom is incorrect. Natural membrane condoms, such as those made from lambskin, have small pores that can allow viruses to pass through. Therefore, they are not recommended for the prevention of STIs. Polyurethane condoms, on the other hand, do not have these pores and are considered effective in preventing STIs, including HIV.

Choice B reason:

Female condoms, also known as internal condoms, are effective in preventing the transmission of sexually transmitted viruses, including HIV. They act as a barrier to prevent the exchange of bodily fluids during sexual activity, thereby reducing the risk of STI transmission. It's important to include this information in the teaching as it empowers individuals with an additional option for protection.

Choice C reason:

Condoms are designed for single use only. Using a condom more than once greatly increases the risk of condom failure, which can lead to the transmission of STIs or unintended pregnancy. It is crucial to emphasize the importance of using a new condom for each act of sexual intercourse.

Choice D reason:

Oil-based lubricants should not be used with latex condoms as they can weaken the material, leading to condom breakage. Instead, water-based or silicone-based lubricants are recommended as they do not damage the condom and can help prevent breakage.

Choice A reason:

Pneumothorax, a collapsed lung, can indeed cause shortness of breath and dyspnea. However, it is typically associated with a sudden onset of these symptoms following a chest injury or spontaneously in the case of a ruptured air blister. In the context of a femoral head fracture, pneumothorax is less likely unless there was additional trauma to the chest area.

Choice B reason:

Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that leads to inflammation of the air sacs, causing them to fill with fluid or pus. Symptoms include cough with phlegm, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. While pneumonia could cause dyspnea, it usually develops due to an infectious process rather than directly from a femoral head fracture.

Choice C reason:

Airway obstruction involves a blockage that prevents air from passing freely to the lungs. It can be caused by foreign objects, swelling due to allergic reactions, or other medical conditions. The symptoms of airway obstruction include difficulty breathing, wheezing, and potential changes in skin color. However, airway obstruction is not commonly a direct complication of a femoral head fracture.

Choice D reason:

Fat embolism syndrome is a serious condition that occurs when fat globules enter the bloodstream and lodge within the pulmonary vasculature, leading to respiratory distress. It is a known complication following long bone fractures, such as the femur, and presents with symptoms like shortness of breath, hypoxemia, and neurological manifestations. Given the recent femoral head fracture and the symptoms reported, fat embolism syndrome is the most likely diagnosis.