A nurse is reviewing the medical record of an adolescent and notes a calcium level of 11.4 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A. A school-age child who cries when the nurse is giving him an injection: Crying during an injection is a normal reaction for a child and does not indicate abuse.

B. A toddler who has multiple bruises on the shins of both legs and his parents report that he is clumsy: Bruises on the shins are common in toddlers due to normal play and falls. Without other concerning signs, this does not strongly indicate abuse.

C. A preschooler who has a BMI indicating obesity: While childhood obesity can be a sign of neglect in some cases, it is not a specific or immediate indicator of abuse without other signs.

D. An adolescent who asks to stay in the hospital because he likes the room: This is concerning because it might indicate that the adolescent is not feeling safe or comfortable at home, which could be a sign of abuse or neglect.

A. Wrist: Wrist restraints are typically used to prevent older children or adults from pulling at medical devices or dressings. For an infant, wrist restraints can be too harsh and restrictive. They do not prevent the child from bending their arms, which could allow them to reach their face and potentially disrupt the surgical site.

B. Mummy: A mummy restraint involves wrapping the infant’s body tightly with a blanket to restrict movement, typically used for short periods during medical procedures to keep the child still. This type of restraint is too restrictive for postoperative care and does not allow any movement of the arms, making it uncomfortable and unsuitable for continuous use over extended periods.

C. Elbow: Elbow restraints, also known as no-no’s, are designed to prevent the infant from bending their arms. This type of restraint keeps the elbows straight, preventing the child from touching their face and disrupting the surgical site of the cleft lip and palate. It is effective in allowing the infant to move their arms while ensuring that they cannot interfere with the healing area. This method is less restrictive and more humane for postoperative care in an infant.

D. Jacket: Jacket restraints are used to secure the torso, usually to prevent a child from moving out of bed or a chair. This type of restraint is more restrictive and not specific to preventing arm movement. For an infant recovering from cleft lip and palate surgery, jacket restraints would not effectively prevent the child from reaching their face, and they can be excessively confining and distressing for an infant.