A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has somatic symptom disorder. Which of the following would be a likely comorbidity of somatic symptom disorder?
Schizophrenia
Major depressive disorder
Borderline personality disorder
Bipolar disorder
The Correct Answer is B
A. Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking. While somatic symptom disorder (SSD) involves excessive focus on physical symptoms, it is not commonly linked to schizophrenia, which primarily affects perception and cognition.
B. Major depressive disorder. Depression is a common comorbidity of somatic symptom disorder. Clients with SSD often experience persistent sadness, hopelessness, and fatigue due to their distress over physical symptoms, which can contribute to or exacerbate depression.
C. Borderline personality disorder. While borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with emotional dysregulation and unstable relationships, it is not the most common comorbidity of SSD. BPD can co-occur with SSD, but depression and anxiety disorders are more frequently seen.
D. Bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder involves mood fluctuations between mania and depression, whereas SSD is primarily characterized by excessive health-related concerns. While both conditions can co-exist, depression is more commonly associated with SSD.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Employment assistance. While employment support is valuable for clients with schizophrenia, housing stability should be prioritized first. A client without a place to live may struggle to maintain a job, making housing support the more immediate concern.
B. Psychiatrist. A psychiatrist plays a crucial role in managing schizophrenia through medication and therapy. However, the client’s immediate need is housing, which falls outside the psychiatrist’s primary role and is better addressed by a social worker.
C. Social worker. A social worker can assist with housing placement, financial aid, and community resources for individuals experiencing homelessness. They are the most appropriate referral to help the client secure stable living arrangements.
D. Spiritual advisor. While spiritual guidance may provide emotional support, it does not directly address the client’s urgent need for housing. The primary intervention should focus on securing a safe and stable place to live.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Diagnosis typically occurs after 40 years of age. This statement is inaccurate; schizophrenia most commonly manifests in late adolescence to early adulthood, typically between the ages of 18 and 30.
B. The need for resources increases as the disease progresses into adulthood. As schizophrenia progresses, individuals often require additional support and resources, including therapy, medication management, and community services, to manage symptoms and improve functioning.
C. Co-occurring mental health illnesses are rarely diagnosed. This statement is not accurate; individuals with schizophrenia often have co-occurring mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, or substance use disorders, which can complicate treatment and management.
D. Life expectancy is greater than the general population. This statement is incorrect; individuals with schizophrenia generally have a reduced life expectancy compared to the general population, often due to factors such as higher rates of comorbid conditions, lifestyle factors, and suicide risk.
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