A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who was an unrestrained passenger in a motor-vehicle crash. The ABG results are as follows: pH 7.32, HCO3 24 mEq/L, PaCO2 48 mm Hg. The nurse should identify the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Respiratory acidosis

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Respiratory acidosis: This condition is indicated by a low pH (7.32) and an elevated PaCO2 (48 mm Hg), while HCO3 remains normal (24 mEq/L). Respiratory acidosis occurs when there is an accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood, usually due to hypoventilation or impaired gas exchange in the lungs.

B) Metabolic acidosis: Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH and a decreased HCO3 level. In this scenario, the HCO3 level is normal, ruling out metabolic acidosis.

C) Respiratory alkalosis: Respiratory alkalosis is indicated by a high pH and a decreased PaCO2. In this case, the pH is low, and the PaCO2 is elevated, which contradicts the characteristics of respiratory alkalosis.

D) Metabolic alkalosis: Metabolic alkalosis would show a high pH and an elevated HCO3 level. Since the pH is low and the HCO3 is normal, this condition does not fit the criteria for metabolic alkalosis.

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Correct Answer is "{\"xRanges\":[232.4270782470703,272.4270782470703],\"yRanges\":[382.1666450500488,422.1666450500488]}"

Explanation

To determine if the child is experiencing subcostal retractions, check the area beneath the ribcage.

D - Subcostal Area:

Subcostal retractions occur below the ribs and are a sign of respiratory distress, indicating increased effort to breathe.

Observing this area can reveal inward movement during inspiration, suggesting difficulty in breathing, often seen in asthma exacerbations.

Rationale

A - Incorrect:

This area is near the clavicle and not related to subcostal retractions.

B - Incorrect:

This is the intercostal area, which can also show retractions but is not subcostal.

C - Incorrect:

This area is too central and does not correspond with subcostal retractions.

Focusing on D allows the nurse to assess the presence of subcostal retractions effectively.

A. Fever B. Hypernatremia C. Hypertension D. Hypoglycemia

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Fever: Myxedema coma is characterized by hypothermia rather than fever. The client with myxedema coma may experience a lowered body temperature, reflecting the severe hypothyroidism associated with this condition.

B) Hypernatremia: Hypernatremia, or elevated sodium levels, is a common finding in myxedema coma. This occurs due to impaired renal function and decreased aldosterone levels, leading to an imbalance in electrolytes, including sodium.

C) Hypertension: Typically, myxedema coma presents with hypotension rather than hypertension. The condition is associated with decreased cardiac output and low blood pressure, not elevated blood pressure.

D) Hypoglycemia: In myxedema coma, hypoglycemia is not typically expected. Instead, patients may experience hypoglycemia due to reduced metabolic rate and decreased glycogen stores. However, hyperglycemia is more commonly observed in other endocrine disorders, not specifically in myxedema coma.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who was an unrestrained passenger in a motor-vehicle crash. The ABG results are as follows: pH 7.32, HCO3 24 mEq/L, PaCO2 48 mm Hg. The nurse should identify the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is "{\"xRanges\":[232.4270782470703,272.4270782470703],\"yRanges\":[382.1666450500488,422.1666450500488]}"

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the medical record for a client who has hypothyroidism and is experiencing myxedema coma. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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