A nurse is reviewing the diagnostic findings for a preschool-age child who is suspected of having cystic fibrosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of cystic fibrosis?

Sweat chloride content 85 mEq/L

72-hour stool analysis sample indicating hard, packed stools

Increased blood levels of fat-soluble vitamins

Chest x-ray negative for atelectasis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: A sweat chloride content of 85 mEq/L is indicative of cystic fibrosis, as normal values are below 30 mEq/L, and values above 60 mEq/L are diagnostic for cystic fibrosis.

Choice B reason: Hard, packed stools could be a sign of cystic fibrosis but are not as diagnostic as a sweat chloride test.

Choice C reason: Increased blood levels of fat-soluble vitamins are not typically associated with cystic fibrosis; patients often have deficiencies due to malabsorption.

Choice D reason: A chest x-ray negative for atelectasis does not indicate cystic fibrosis, as atelectasis can be present in many conditions.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Bed rest is not a specific treatment for Hirschsprung's disease. While rest may be part of preoperative care, it does not address the underlying issue of the disease⁹.

Choice B reason: Surgery is the definitive treatment for Hirschsprung's disease. The pull-through procedure is commonly used to remove the affected section of the colon and connect the healthy part to the anus⁷.

Choice C reason: An NG tube may be used for decompression if there is a bowel obstruction, but it is not a treatment for Hirschsprung's disease itself. Surgery is required to correct the absence of nerve cells in the colon⁹.

Choice D reason: A high-fiber diet is not recommended before surgery as it may increase the risk of enterocolitis and bowel obstruction in patients with Hirschsprung's disease⁹.

A. Clubbing of the fingers B. Weak femoral pulses C. Cool skin of lower extremities D. Low blood pressure E. Severe cyanosis

Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Clubbing of the fingers is not typically associated with coarctation of the aorta; it is more commonly seen in chronic hypoxia conditions.

Choice B reason: Weak femoral pulses are expected in coarctation of the aorta due to the narrowing of the aorta, which can reduce blood flow to the lower extremities.

Choice C reason: Cool skin of the lower extremities can be a result of decreased blood flow due to the narrowed aorta in coarctation.

Choice D reason: High blood pressure is more commonly associated with coarctation of the aorta, especially in the upper body, due to the narrowing of the aorta increasing resistance to blood flow⁷.

Choice E reason: Severe cyanosis can occur in coarctation of the aorta if there is a significant obstruction to blood flow, leading to poor oxygenation.

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A nurse is reviewing the diagnostic findings for a preschool-age child who is suspected of having cystic fibrosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of cystic fibrosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a child who has Hirschsprung's disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing an infant who has coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

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