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A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values for a client.
The pH is 7.32, PaCO₂ 48 mm Hg and the HCO₃ is 23 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that these findings indicate which of the following acid-base balances?

Metabolic acidosis.

Metabolic alkalosis.

Respiratory alkalosis.

Respiratory acidosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH and decreased HCO₃ levels, not increased PaCO₂.

Choice B rationale

Metabolic alkalosis presents with an elevated pH and increased HCO₃ levels, which do not match the given values.

Choice C rationale

Respiratory alkalosis is indicated by a high pH and decreased PaCO₂, opposite of the provided values.

Choice D rationale

Respiratory acidosis is identified by a low pH, elevated PaCO₂, and normal HCO₃, aligning with the provided values.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Implementing a low-sodium diet helps reduce fluid retention and ascites in clients with cirrhosis, improving their condition.

Choice B rationale

Furosemide is a diuretic that helps reduce fluid overload and ascites in clients with cirrhosis by promoting excretion of excess fluid.

Choice C rationale

Warfarin is an anticoagulant and is not typically used in the management of cirrhosis as it could increase the risk of bleeding complications, especially in clients with liver dysfunction.

Choice D rationale

Measuring the client's abdominal girth is crucial for monitoring the progression of ascites, a common complication of cirrhosis.

Choice E rationale

Encouraging weight lifting is not advisable as it can exacerbate varices and increase the risk of bleeding in clients with cirrhosis.

A. Offer high-protein and high-carbohydrate foods frequently. B. Encourage oral intake of at least 3,000 mL of fluids per day. C. Administer low-flow oxygen continuously via nasal cannula. D. Place in a prone position.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

High-protein and high-carbohydrate foods are beneficial, but they do not directly address the immediate respiratory issues in ARDS.

Choice B rationale

Encouraging oral intake of fluids may not be appropriate as it can contribute to fluid overload and worsen pulmonary edema in ARDS patients.

Choice C rationale

Administering low-flow oxygen might be necessary but isn't the most crucial intervention for ARDS. High-flow oxygen or mechanical ventilation is typically required.

Choice D rationale

Placing the client in a prone position has been shown to improve oxygenation in ARDS by enhancing lung expansion and ventilation-perfusion matching.

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A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values for a client.The pH is 7.32, PaCO₂ 48 mm Hg and the HCO₃ is 23 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that these findings indicate which of the following acid-base balances?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is planning care for a client who has cirrhosis of the liver.Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values for a client.
The pH is 7.32, PaCO₂ 48 mm Hg and the HCO₃ is 23 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that these findings indicate which of the following acid-base balances?