A nurse is planning care for a client who has cirrhosis of the liver.
Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A rationale:

Obtaining a wound culture is crucial to identify the causative organism and guide appropriate antibiotic therapy. Prompt identification and treatment of the infection source can prevent further systemic complications.

Choice B rationale:

Rapidly administering 30 mL/kg of normal saline helps to restore intravascular volume, improve hemodynamic stability, and enhance tissue perfusion. This intervention is vital in the initial management of sepsis to prevent organ dysfunction.

Choice D rationale:

Obtaining blood cultures before initiating antibiotic therapy is essential to identify the causative microorganism and tailor antibiotic treatment. This step ensures accurate diagnosis and effective management of sepsis.

Choice E rationale:

Administering broad-spectrum antibiotics as soon as possible is critical in managing sepsis. Early and appropriate antibiotic therapy significantly reduces mortality and morbidity by targeting the suspected pathogens promptly.

Choice A rationale

Acidosis is a key characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis due to the accumulation of ketoacids in the body from fat metabolism.

Choice B rationale

Low blood sugar is not associated with diabetic ketoacidosis; it is characterized by hyperglycemia.

Choice C rationale

Ketosis occurs in DKA due to the breakdown of fats instead of glucose for energy, leading to an accumulation of ketones.

Choice D rationale

Fluid overload is not typical of diabetic ketoacidosis; dehydration is more common due to osmotic diuresis.

Choice E rationale

Hyperglycemia is a hallmark of diabetic ketoacidosis, resulting from the lack of insulin and the consequent high levels of glucose in the blood.

Choice F rationale

Alkalosis is not associated with diabetic ketoacidosis; the condition is defined by metabolic acidosis. .