A nurse is providing education to a client who is suspected of having type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements would the nurse include in client education?
"This type of diabetes means that the cells in your pancreas do not produce any insulin."
"This can be a reversible condition, so we will discuss ways to improve your health."
"Your HbA1c level of 5.7% or below indicates you have impaired glucose tolerance."
"Since you still have working beta cells, you can try a diet to lower your blood sugar."
The Correct Answer is A
A. "This type of diabetes means that the cells in your pancreas do not produce any insulin.": Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas, which results in an absolute deficiency of insulin. Patients require insulin therapy for management.
B. "This can be a reversible condition, so we will discuss ways to improve your health.": Type 1 diabetes is not reversible. It is a lifelong condition that requires continuous insulin therapy.
C. "Your HbA1c level of 5.7% or below indicates you have impaired glucose tolerance.": An HbA1c level of 5.7% or below is considered normal or indicative of well-controlled blood glucose levels, not impaired glucose tolerance. Impaired glucose tolerance is typically identified with HbA1c levels from 5.7% to 6.4%.
D. "Since you still have working beta cells, you can try a diet to lower your blood sugar.": In type 1 diabetes, the beta cells are mostly or completely non-functional, meaning dietary changes alone are insufficient. Insulin replacement is necessary.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Jugular distention: Jugular vein distention is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure, where there is a backlog of blood into the venous system due to poor right heart function. Left-sided heart failure primarily affects the pulmonary system.
B. Frothy sputum: Frothy sputum is indicative of pulmonary edema, a hallmark of left-sided heart failure. When the left side of the heart fails, blood backs up into the lungs, leading to fluid accumulation and frothy or blood-tinged sputum.
C. Dependent edema: Dependent edema (e.g., swelling in the legs) is more characteristic of right-sided heart failure, where there is fluid retention in the systemic circulation. Left-sided heart failure is more associated with pulmonary symptoms.
D. Nocturnal polyuria: Nocturnal polyuria can occur in both types of heart failure as fluid that accumulates during the day is mobilized at night when the person lies down. However, it is not the most distinctive sign of left-sided heart failure compared to pulmonary symptoms.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Sweat chloride test: The sweat chloride test is the gold standard for diagnosing cystic fibrosis. A high level of chloride in the sweat confirms the diagnosis, as individuals with cystic fibrosis have defective chloride channels that result in excessive chloride and sodium in their sweat.
B. A stool fat content analysis: While stool fat content analysis can indicate malabsorption issues, which are common in cystic fibrosis, it does not definitively diagnose the condition. It is more useful for evaluating pancreatic function.
C. A sputum culture: A sputum culture can identify specific respiratory infections common in cystic fibrosis patients, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but it does not diagnose the underlying condition.
D. Pulmonary function tests: Pulmonary function tests can assess lung function and help monitor the progression of cystic fibrosis, but they do not confirm the diagnosis.
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