A nurse is providing education to a client who is suspected of having type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements would the nurse include in client education?
"This type of diabetes means that the cells in your pancreas do not produce any insulin."
"This can be a reversible condition, so we will discuss ways to improve your health."
"Your HbA1c level of 5.7% or below indicates you have impaired glucose tolerance."
"Since you still have working beta cells, you can try a diet to lower your blood sugar."
The Correct Answer is A
A. "This type of diabetes means that the cells in your pancreas do not produce any insulin.": Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas, which results in an absolute deficiency of insulin. Patients require insulin therapy for management.
B. "This can be a reversible condition, so we will discuss ways to improve your health.": Type 1 diabetes is not reversible. It is a lifelong condition that requires continuous insulin therapy.
C. "Your HbA1c level of 5.7% or below indicates you have impaired glucose tolerance.": An HbA1c level of 5.7% or below is considered normal or indicative of well-controlled blood glucose levels, not impaired glucose tolerance. Impaired glucose tolerance is typically identified with HbA1c levels from 5.7% to 6.4%.
D. "Since you still have working beta cells, you can try a diet to lower your blood sugar.": In type 1 diabetes, the beta cells are mostly or completely non-functional, meaning dietary changes alone are insufficient. Insulin replacement is necessary.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Purple striations: Purple striations are characteristic of Cushing's syndrome due to prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol. They are not associated with Addison's disease, which involves adrenal insufficiency and low cortisol levels.
B. Hirsutism: Hirsutism, or excessive hair growth, is not a feature of Addison's disease. It is more commonly associated with conditions involving high androgen levels, such as polycystic ovary syndrome or Cushing's syndrome.
C. Intention tremors: Intention tremors are associated with neurological conditions like multiple sclerosis or essential tremor, not Addison's disease. Addison's primarily affects hormone levels and fluid balance.
D. Hyperpigmentation: Hyperpigmentation, particularly in areas like the skin creases, gums, and around scars, is a hallmark sign of Addison's disease. It is due to increased production of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) as a result of elevated levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Nitroglycerin: Nitroglycerin is used primarily to manage chest pain and reduce myocardial oxygen consumption by dilating blood vessels. It is typically administered earlier in the management of an acute MI.
B. Oxygen: Oxygen is used to ensure adequate oxygenation, especially if the patient's oxygen saturation is low. However, it is not primarily for managing pain and anxiety.
C. Morphine: After the initial acute phase, morphine is used to manage pain and anxiety associated with an MI. It helps relieve pain, reduce myocardial oxygen demand, and alleviate anxiety, which can contribute to a better overall prognosis.
D. Aspirin: Aspirin is crucial for its antiplatelet effect to reduce clot formation and further damage but does not address pain and anxiety.
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