A nurse is reviewing a client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results. Which of the following ABG results should the nurse anticipate when caring for a client with acidosis?

pH 7.42, PaCO2 48 mm HG, HCO3 25 mEq/L

pH 7.28, PaCO2 63 mm HG, HCO3 22 mEq/L

pH 7.49, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3 35 mEq/L

pH 7.36; PaCO2 42 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   This result shows a slightly elevated PaCO2, which could suggest respiratory compensation for a metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis, as the pH is within the normal range.
B.   This result indicates both a low pH and an elevated PaCO2, which are consistent with respiratory acidosis. The low HCO3 also suggests a metabolic acidosis component, making it the best match for a client with acidosis.

C.   The elevated pH indicates alkalosis. The low PaCO2 and high HCO3 further suggest a primary respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation.
D.   These values are within normal limits, indicating neither acidosis nor alkalosis.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. People mistakenly think they are experiencing seasonal allergies: While seasonal allergies may share some symptoms with the common cold, such as nasal congestion and sneezing, they are caused by allergens rather than viruses. This factor does not directly contribute to the high communicability of the common cold.

B. The virus is spread by individuals who don't have symptoms: The common cold is highly communicable because individuals infected with the virus can spread it to others even before they develop symptoms or when they have mild symptoms. This makes it challenging to prevent the spread of the virus, as infected individuals may not realize they are contagious.

C. Hand washing is not effective against the cold virus: Hand washing is an effective measure for preventing the spread of the common cold virus. Proper hand hygiene can help reduce the transmission of the virus from contaminated surfaces to the nose and mouth.

D. Use of over-the-counter cold products reduces immune resistance: Over-the-counter cold products may help relieve symptoms of the common cold but do not directly affect immune resistance. However, reliance on symptomatic relief without taking precautions to prevent the spread of the virus can contribute to its communicability.

A. Hypokalemia B. Hypocalcemia C. Hypernatremia D. Hyperkalemia

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hypokalemia: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works by increasing urinary excretion of sodium, chloride, and water, which can lead to potassium loss. Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte imbalance associated with the use of loop diuretics like furosemide. Potassium depletion can cause various complications, including cardiac dysrhythmias, muscle weakness, and fatigue.

B. Hypocalcemia: Furosemide does not directly affect calcium levels, so hypocalcemia is not a common electrolyte imbalance associated with its use.

C. Hypernatremia: Furosemide promotes the excretion of sodium, so hypernatremia (elevated serum sodium levels) is not typically a concern with its use.

D. Hyperkalemia: Furosemide can cause potassium loss, so hyperkalemia is not a risk associated with its use.

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A nurse is reviewing a client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results. Which of the following ABG results should the nurse anticipate when caring for a client with acidosis?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A clinic nurse is caring for a large number of clients diagnosed with the common cold. The nurse should recognize that which factor contributes to the high communicability of the common cold?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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