A nurse is reviewing a client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results. Which of the following ABG results should the nurse anticipate when caring for a client with acidosis?
pH 7.42, PaCO2 48 mm HG, HCO3 25 mEq/L
pH 7.28, PaCO2 63 mm HG, HCO3 22 mEq/L
pH 7.49, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3 35 mEq/L
pH 7.36; PaCO2 42 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L
The Correct Answer is B
A. This result shows a slightly elevated PaCO2, which could suggest respiratory compensation for a metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis, as the pH is within the normal range.
B. This result indicates both a low pH and an elevated PaCO2, which are consistent with respiratory acidosis. The low HCO3 also suggests a metabolic acidosis component, making it the best match for a client with acidosis.
C. The elevated pH indicates alkalosis. The low PaCO2 and high HCO3 further suggest a primary respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation.
D. These values are within normal limits, indicating neither acidosis nor alkalosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "After the surgery, I will have to be careful with heavy lifting for a few weeks": This statement demonstrates understanding of postoperative precautions, as heavy lifting can strain the surgical site and delay healing.
B. "I know that after the surgery, I will only have one testicle left": This statement indicates awareness of the surgical procedure and its potential outcomes, which is accurate.
C. "I will have to take antibiotics as prescribed by my doctor to prevent infection": This statement reflects understanding of the importance of antibiotic therapy to prevent postoperative infection, which is correct.
D. "I will need to avoid showering for a month after the surgery": This statement is incorrect.
Avoiding showering for a month after surgery is unnecessary and could lead to poor hygiene and potential complications such as infection. The client should be educated that showering is typically allowed after surgery, but they should avoid soaking the incision site in water until it has healed properly.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Docusate Sodium (Colace) is a stool softener and is not contraindicated in chronic renal disease.
B. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is generally safe for use in chronic renal disease, but dosing adjustments may be necessary based on renal function.
C. Meperidine (Demerol) is contraindicated in clients with chronic renal disease because its metabolites can accumulate in renal impairment, leading to neurotoxicity and seizures. It is often replaced with alternative opioid analgesics like morphine or fentanyl in these patients.
D. Atorvastatin (Lipitor) is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels and is generally safe in chronic renal disease, although dosing adjustments may be needed depending on the severity of renal impairment.
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