A nurse is reviewing a client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results. Which of the following ABG results should the nurse anticipate when caring for a client with acidosis?

pH 7.42, PaCO2 48 mm HG, HCO3 25 mEq/L

pH 7.28, PaCO2 63 mm HG, HCO3 22 mEq/L

pH 7.49, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3 35 mEq/L

pH 7.36; PaCO2 42 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   This result shows a slightly elevated PaCO2, which could suggest respiratory compensation for a metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis, as the pH is within the normal range.
B.   This result indicates both a low pH and an elevated PaCO2, which are consistent with respiratory acidosis. The low HCO3 also suggests a metabolic acidosis component, making it the best match for a client with acidosis.

C.   The elevated pH indicates alkalosis. The low PaCO2 and high HCO3 further suggest a primary respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation.
D.   These values are within normal limits, indicating neither acidosis nor alkalosis.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hamburger on a bun, banana: This choice is high in protein and potassium, which may not be suitable for someone with chronic renal disease, as excessive potassium intake can be harmful to individuals with impaired kidney function.

B. Carrots, green leafy vegetables, a pear: This choice is low in potassium and phosphorus, making it suitable for someone with chronic renal disease. Carrots and green leafy vegetables are generally lower in potassium, and a pear is a low-potassium fruit option.

C. Spaghetti with meat sauce, breadstick: This choice may be high in protein and sodium, depending on the sauce and breadstick ingredients, which may not be ideal for someone with chronic renal disease.

D. Cold cuts with bun, blueberries: Cold cuts can be high in sodium, and blueberries are moderately high in potassium, so this choice may not be appropriate for someone with chronic renal disease.

A. "My sense of smell is taking a long time to return." B. "Breathing through my stoma has diminished my sense of smell." C. "I can't smell what I eat, but hope to enjoy eating in the future." D. "I am happy to have a mild sense of taste despite no sense of smell."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "My sense of smell is taking a long time to return.": This statement indicates a misunderstanding because, after a total laryngectomy, the sense of smell is significantly impaired or lost due to the inability to breathe through the nose. The client needs further teaching to understand that this change is likely permanent.

B. "Breathing through my stoma has diminished my sense of smell.": This statement is accurate as the stoma bypasses the nasal passages, reducing the sense of smell.

C. "I can't smell what I eat, but hope to enjoy eating in the future.": This shows an understanding that the sense of smell is impaired but expresses a positive outlook on enjoying food in other ways.

D. "I am happy to have a mild sense of taste despite no sense of smell.": This statement indicates an understanding of the sensory changes post-laryngectomy and reflects realistic expectations.

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A nurse is reviewing a client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results. Which of the following ABG results should the nurse anticipate when caring for a client with acidosis?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

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Correct Answer is A

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